Trichloroethane Halothane

A number of organic compounds can be measured as the unmetabolized compound in blood, urine, and breath. In some cases, the sample can be injected along with its water content directly into a gas chromatograph. Direct injection is used for the measurement of acetone, -butanol, dhnethylformamide, cyclopropane, halothane, methoxyflurane, diethyl ether, isopropanol, methanol, methyl-n-butyl ketone, methyl chloride, methylethyl ketone, toluene, trichloroethane, and trichloroethylene. 

Trichloroethylene and 1,1,1-trichloroethane are used in correction fluids, dry-cleaning products, degreasing sprays, and solvents and spot removers. Bromochlorodifluoro-methane is a compound found in halon fire extinguishers that is abused. Freon is used for refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Anesthetics include halothane, chloroform, and the local anesthetic ethyl chloride. Methylene chloride is a component of rubber cement, paint strippers, and degreasing agents, and fluorocarbons are present in many types of aerosol sprays. 

Rees DC, Knisley JS, Balster RL, et al. 1987b. Pentobarbital-like discriminative stimulus properties of halothane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, isoamyl nitrite, flurothyl and oxazepam in mice. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 241 507-515. 

Two patients with chronic cardiac toxicity after repeated exposure to trichloroethane had a deterioration in cardiac function following halothane anaesthesia. 

Figure 1 Analysis of a standard volatile mixture. Column 80 m X 0.53 mm i.d. SPB-1 (5nm film). Carrier gas helium (flow rate 8.6 ml min ). Oven temperature 40°C (6 min), then to 80°C at 5°C min then to 200°C at 10°C min (run time 26 min). Injection 10pi vapor. Detector sensitivities (fsd) FID, 3.2nA ECD, 64 kHz. Peaks 1, propane 2, FC 12 3, dimethyl ether 4, isobutane 5, butane 6, BCF 7, ethanol 8, acetone 9, 2-prop-anol 10, FC 11 11, FC 113 12, halothane 13, butanone 14, hexane 15, chloroform 16, 1,1,1-trichloroethane 17, carbon tetrachloride 18, trichloroethylene 19, methyl isobutyl ketone 20, 1,1,2-trichloroethane (internal standard) 21, toluene 22, tet-rachloroethylene 23, 2,2,2-trichloroethanol 24, ethyl benzene (internal standard). (Reproduced with permission from Streete PJ, Ruprah M, Ramsey JD, and Flanagan FtJ (1992) Detection and identification of volatile substances by head-space capillary gas chromatography to aid the diagnosis of acute poisoning. Analyst 117 111 1-1127. The Royal Society of Chemistry.)...

Hnedkovsky, L. Dohnal, V. Cibulka, I. (Vapor + liquid) equilibria, limiting activity coefihcients, and excess molar volumes of l-bromo-l-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (halothane) + tetrachloromethane or trichloromethane or 1,1,1-trichloroethane. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 1987, 19, 1145-1154. 

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