Hair relaxers

Swee W, Klontz KC, Lambert LA. A nationwide outbreak of alopecia associated with the use of a hair-relaxing formulation. Arch Dermatol 2000 136(9) 1104—8. 

Use In creams, lotions, hair relaxant and hair dipila-tory formulas. 

African-American hair is tightly twisted with a large degree of curl. This hair tends to be dry due to the structure of the hair and its curly nature. In addition, some African-Americans like to wear their hair relaxed, a process that causes excessive damage to the hair fiber. Products that provide moisturization, frizz control, breakage reduction, and shine are most desirable for African-Americans. 

Relaxer Cone. [Brooks Industries] Cetearyl alcc l/Iandin deriv. blends hair relaxer formuladon. 

Table 3-7. Thiol-based hair relaxer solution for a hair straightener product. ...

Curvature is perhaps the most important fiber characteristic for styling, combing, and other aspects of hair behavior. Permanent waves and hair relaxers function primarily by changing fiber curvature to produce either a curlier or a straighter hair fiber. When curvature is low (the hair is straight—... 

Uses Antistat, substantivity agent, foaming agent, softener, conditioner, surfactant in cosmetics, hair care, skin care, soaps, bath prods. anti-irritant in depilatories, hair relaxers... 

Ethyl hydrolyzed keratin Hydrolyzed collagen Hydrolyzed rice protein anti-irritant, hair relaxers Potassium cocoyl hydrolyzed keratin anti-irritant, household Disodium ricinoleamido MEA-sulfosuccinate Sodium Cl2-15 pareth-15 sulfonate anti-irritant, l l cleaners Sodium Cl2-15 pareth-15 sulfonate anti-irritant, liq. soaps... 

Stearalkonium chloride TEA-myristoyl hydrolyzed collagen antistat, hair relaxers Cocodimonium hydroxypropyi hydrolyzed collagen... 

Hair relaxing composition Cysteine derivatives As reducing agent in hair straightening and waving without any side effects 63,64... 

CanneU DW, Mathur H, Nguyen NV. Hair relaxer compositions comprising at least one hydroxide compound and at least one activating agent, and methods of using same 2004. Patent EP 1379214 Al. 

Use Concentration 0.1-0.5% polymer solids in conditioners, shampoos, perms, hair dyes, hair relaxers, and rinses 0.5-2% polymer solids in moisturizing creams, bath products, and shaving creams... 

Presti RA (2010) Enzymatic hair relaxing and straightening. US Patent 20100012142... 

Table 4.1 Differences between thiol and alkaline hair relaxer...

We have studied the diffusion and the dosage of one alkaline and thiol hair relaxer products. The diffusion experiment shows that the alkaline hair relaxer is corrosive compared to the thiols (Fig. 4.22). 

Normalization of pH, Out of a Corrosive Zone, After Application of a Basic Hair Relaxer Solution... 

In conclusion, it is important to be able to estimate the real effect and behavior of irritant/cor-rosive products for cosmetic use such as chemical peeling or hair relaxers. Controlling the pH after exposure to these aggressive products can stop the burning process and improves the awaited effect irritant/corrosive chemical agent for cosmetic use seems to be important. See also Sect. 4.11.3 on peeling. 

Chemicals Agent Used as Hair Relaxers Chemical irritant/corrosive agents that are used as hair relaxers are more extensively described in Sect. 4.12. 

Hair relaxer products can disrupt disulfide bridges from cysteine chains inducing a smoothed hair structure (See Sect. 3.3.3). There are two main kinds of chemical hair relaxers smoothing with thiol or alkaline (base) (Table 4.1). 

Diffusion of 0.075 g of three Hair Relaxers through a semi-permeable membrane toward a NaCI 9 g/L solution, simulating diffusion through skin... 

Fig. 4.22 Diffusion of one alkaline and two thiol hair relaxer products...

Adding Calmoline solution or tap water (at pH 7) to "Dark and Lovely Plus" Hair Relaxer from Softsheen Carson... 

The hair of Africans is naturally curly, having a twisted structure which gives it a springlike appearance. Hair relaxers can straighten such hair by a process transforming the basic hair shaft structure. This involves hair cortex penetration. 

The hair relaxing process has several steps beginning with pefiolatum scalp protection, application of a relaxer, relaxer removal after a period of time, neutralization to prevent breakage of the hair, and conditioner application to restore some of the natural oils and proteins [358]. 

Etemesi BA. Impact of hair relaxers in women in Ntikum, Kenya. Int J Dermatol. 2(X)7 46 Suppl 1 23-5. 

Wise, L. A, J. R. Palmer, D. Reich, Y. C. Cozier, and L. Rosenberg. Hair Relaxer Use and Risk of Uterine Leiomyomata in African-American Womtn American Journal of Epidemiology 175 (2012) 432M0. doi 10.1093/aje/kwr351. 

Uses Bodying agent for creams, lotions and sticks plasticizer in hairsprays stabilizer In alkaline emulsions such as hair relaxers, perms, colorants and depilatories w/o emulsifier... 

Uses Emulsifier and conditioner for personal care prods., e.g. shampoos, conditioners, cream rinses, pennanent waves, ethnic hair relaxers, hair coloring prods., skin conditioning creams or lotions, silicone emulsions, sunscreens, and baby prods. emulsifier for topical pharniaceuticals shear thinner Features Rapid delivery of actives to the skin water-resist. extremely stable emulsion In o/w systems Increased wash-off resistance extreme pH tolerance formulating versatility AHA-ready Regulatory Japanese approved... 

Uses OAw emulsifier, gellant for surfactants, prep, of clear min. oil gels and micro-emulsion gels, hair relaxers Features Neutralized easy-to-use Regulatory Japanese approved... 

Chem. Descrip. Cetearyl alcohol, polysorbate 65, PEG-8 dimethicone meadow-foamate, meadowfoam amidopropyidimethyl betelne CAS 800544-5 9005-67-8 157479-51-1 857288-52-9 Uses Emulsilying wax for hair relaxers and straighteners, lotions, creams, creme rinses, antiperspirants, depilatories, hairdressings, hair color developers, hair conditioners... 

Uses Moisturizer, counter-irritant, cleanser for shampoos, conditioners, hair treatments, styling prods., body washes, body lotions, body treatments, cleansers, toners, facial care, makeup foundations, mascara, lipsticks, colored cosmetics Features Alternative to animal proteins highly compat. with hair dyes and hair relaxer formulations... 

---