Gypsophila paniculata

HENRY, M., RAHIER, A., TATON, M., Effect of gypsogenin 3,0-glucuronide pretreatment of Gypsophila paniculata and Saponaria officinalis cell suspension cultures on the activities of microsomal 2,3-oxidosqualene cycloartenol and amyrin cyclases, Phytochemistry, 1992,31,3855-3859. 

Cell suspension cultures of Gypsophila paniculata and Saponaria officinalis produce very closely related triterpenoid saponins. Pretreatment of cell suspension cultures of G. paniculata with gypsogenin 3,0-glucuxonide (a triterpenoid saponin precursor in G. paniculata) followed by administration of [ C] acetate resulted in a marked reduction in incorporation of radioactivity into saponins and their precursors, but not into sterols and steryl glycosides [26]. Measurements of OSC activities revealed that there was no effect of elicitor treatment on CS levels in either species, but in G. paniculata AS levels went down while in S. officinalis they increased. This suggests that in these two species OSCs are regulating steps in the isoprenoid pathway and control the flux to sterols and triter-penes. 

GV. See Granulosis viruses Gypsophila, 112-13 Gypsophila paniculata, 112 Gypsophila repens, 112-13 Gypsy moths, 295,295 Betula and, 43 BTK for, 459 chestnut and, 69 Fagus and, 96 Gleditsia and, 107 manual control of, 430 neem for, 477 Picea and, 182 Quercus and, 193,194 on trees, shrubs, and vines,... 

Fig. (24). Triterpenoid saponins from Gypsophila paniculata and G. arrostii.

Elbary et al. [114] have correlated the spermicidal efficacy and the hemolytic index of the saponin fraction of Gypsophila paniculata and saponins derived from other plants. Gypsophila saponins were relatively superior when used either as aqueous solution or as formulation in polyethylene glycol ointment base. 

One characteristic of many (but not all) saponins is their capacity to rupture erythrocytes (red blood corpuscles). By measuring the change in absorbance of the supernatant of an erythrocyte suspension after hemolysis, the saponin content can be calculated. Various amounts of the saponin-containing product or extract are mixed with a suspension of washed erythrocytes in isotonic buffer at pH 7.4. After 24 h, the mixture is centrifuged and hemolysis is indicated by the presence of hemoglobin (red) in the supernatant. In the European Pharmacopoeia, the quantity in milliliters of ox blood (diluted 1 50) that is totally hydrolysed by 1 g of test substance is measured. As a standard, the saponin mixture from the roots of Gypsophila paniculata (Caryophyllaceae) has by definition an activity of 30 000 units. 

Pantoea agglomerans Gypsophila paniculata Manulis et al. (1998), Brandi and Mandrell (2002)... 

As it can be clearly seen Fig. 2 that Gypsophila species (Caryophyllaceae) are an especially rich source of triterpenoidal saponins [18-20]. Gypsophila saponins are of interest in terms of their applications in vaccines [21]. Saponi-num album (Merck) is a complex mixture of triterpenoid saponins from Gypsophila paniculata and Gypsophila anostii which used to be commercially... 

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