Gut-associated lymphoid tissue GALT

FTIR spectroscopy—Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy GALT—gut-associated lymphoid tissue GI—gastrointestinal... 

EAN experimental allergic/autoimmune GALT gut-associated lymphoid tissue... 

Gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) Lymphoid tissue, including Peyer s patches, found in the gut that is important for providing localized immunity against pathogens. 

The main site of the mucosal immune system in the gut is referred to as gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), which can be divided into inductive and effector sites. In the small intestine, the inductive sites are in the Peyer s patches, which consist of large lymphoid follicles in the terminal small intestine. The contact with external antibodies triggers a series of cascade events in the body based on immune response (Brandtzaeg et al., 1999). 

Fuel for enterocytes and for stem cells in the crypts of villi. Maintenance of gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Maintenance of gut barrier, especially that in the colon. 

Gut associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) contain the so-called Peyer s patches which are organized lymphoid follicles with overlying M cells and are considered to be the main entry point for particulate matter during passage down the GI tract (Figure 12.3 and Figure 12.4). 

Lymph may also be of importance as a vehicle for facilitating absorption and transport of lipid-soluble substances but also of particles by specialized cells (M cells) in the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). 

Fig. 11.2. Summary of the host responses to mucosal parasitic infections. Sensitisation occurs initially in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) various cells of mucosal or peripheral origin are recruited largely by thymus-dependent mechanisms the inflammatory response so generated produces an environment hostile to the continued survival of the parasites. Heavy solid arrows denote possible sources of effector molecules IEL, intraepithelial lymphocytes, some of which are granulated, and probably natural killer cells. (After Befus Bienenstock, 1982, with permission from S. Karger AG, Basel.)...

A further type of epithelium is associated with the lymphoid tissue of the GI tract. This gut-associated lymphoid tissue, GALT, is distributed in four anatomical regions ... 

As described above (Section 6.2.2), the Peyer s patches belong to the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and participate in the process of antigen sampling and presentation to the immune system. Specialized antigen-presenting epithelial cells cover the patches, called M-cells (modified epithelial cells). Unlike the intestinal enterocytes, the M cells of the Peyer s patches are capable of extensive endocytic uptake of macromolecules and microparticles (Figure 6.15). 

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