Growth yield molar

The energetic requirements of exopolysaccharide production from various carbon sources can be calculated if the P/O quotient during growth on the carbon substrate is known. Table 3.1 shows molar growth yields measured during carbon limited growth in chemostat culture. 

Figure 8.4. Molar growth yields of D. vulgaris Hildenborough wild type and H801 strains.

Molar growth yields (TCH4) were determined for Methanosarcina barkeri growing on a mineral salt medium with either methanol (gas phase Ni) or with methanol/lT2 as energy source and acetate as carbon source The Y CH4 values on methanol/N2 (3.2 g cells/mol CH4) and on methanol/H2(2.8gcells/molCH4) were almost the same [43] and can therefore not be used to calculate the energy requirement for methanol oxidation. 

Nitrosomas europaea does not grow on hydroxylamine, but does grows on the compound in the presence of ammonium ion (molar growth yield for hydroxylamine, TNh2oh = 4.74) (de Bruijin et al., 1995). The reason is not known why ammonium ion is necessary for the bacterium to grow on hydroxylamine. Furthermore, the bacterium anaerobically oxidizes hydroxylamine with nitrite to form nitrous oxide. 

The rate of side-chain cleavage of sterols is limited by the low solubiUty of substrates and products and thek low transport rates to and from cells. Cyclodextrins have been used to increase the solubiUties of these compounds and to assist in thek cellular transport. Cyclodextrins increase the rate and selectivity of side-chain cleavage of both cholesterol and P-sitosterol with no effect on cell growth. Optimal conditions have resulted in enhancement of molar yields of androsta-l,4-diene-3,17-dione (92) from 35—40% to >80% in the presence of cyclodextrins (120,145,146,155). 

The current research shows that the model describing this step-growth polymerization is valid at relatively low conversions. Experimental monomer concentrations and the moments of the distribution are adequately fit, yielding estimates of the model parameters. The simulation demonstrates that fitting molar concentrations of polymeric species is substantially more demanding. 

Murine epidermal growth factor is a polypeptide containing 53 residues. Its molar mass is 6040 g/mol. Chromatography on diethylaminoethyl cellulose produced a single peak. The isocratic RPC of this seemingly homogeneous material on a C 18 column (300 x 7.8 mm) yielded two clearly separated peaks (Fig. 19)77). The eluent was water — acetonitrile (74 26), 0.04 M in triethylamine acetate, pH = 5.6. The structure of the p component is identical with that of the a component but does not possess the Asn residue at chain position 1. 

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