Grounding, tanks and

Use the system described in Figure 7-14 to determine the voltage developed between the charging nozzle and the grounded tank, and the energy stored in the nozzle. Explain the potential hazard for cases a and b from the following table ... 

Artz, N. S. and Metzler, S. C., 1985, Losses of Stored Waste Oil from Below-Ground Tanks and the Potential for Groundwater Contamination In Proceedings of the National Conference on Hazardous Wastes and Environmental Emergencies, May, pp. 60-65. 

Above-ground tanks and containers must be on a surface that does not have any cracks or gaps and is impervious to the hazardous wastes being stored ... 

SRP sections were then revised (Revision 2) with the following principal areas of change Section 2.5.2, updated to reflect the current NRC staff review practice Section 3.7.1, design time history criteria Section 3.7.2, development of floor response criteria, damping values, SSI uncertainties, and combination of modal responses and Section 3.7.3, seismic analysis of above ground tanks, and Category 1 buried piping. 

Ground turbine fuels are not subject to the constraints of an aircraft operating at reduced pressures of altitude. The temperature of fuel in ground tanks varies over a limited range, eg, 10—30°C, and the vapor pressure is defined by a safety-handling factor such as flash point temperature. Volatile fuels such as naphtha (No. 0-GT) are normally stored in a ground tank equipped with a vapor recovery system to minimise losses and meet local air quaUty codes on hydrocarbons. 

Water plays a primary role in corrosion of the metal walls of tanks and pipes (17), and increases the tendency for high speed pumps to produce wear particles and to exhibit shortened life. Formation of corrosion products can be controlled by addition of corrosion inhibitors, a mandatory additive in military fuels. However, corrosion inhibitors may also degrade other fuel properties and adversely affect ground filtration equipment. Thus they are not generally acceptable in commercial fuels where rigorous attention is given to clean and dry fuels upon aircraft fueling. 

Parts with fiber volume fractions up to 60% can be fabricated by filament winding. The procedure is often used to manufacture composite rocket motors, corrosion-resistant tanks and storage containers, and piping for below-ground appHcations. 

Busbars. Fitting the tank for d-c power is usually accompHshed usiag round copper busbars, both for supporting the anodes and the work or cathodes. Size of the copper bus is determined by the amount of current flow expected 1000 amperes requires about 6.5 cm of cross-sectional area. The bus is iasulated from the tank, and any other sources of grounding, and coimected to the d-c power supply. Shorter distances from the tank as well as fewer electrical connections keeps the voltage drop to a minimum. 

In enamelled tanks with protection electrodes of low current output, fittings [e.g., heating surfaces (cathodic components)] must be electrically isolated from the tank and the ground. Figure 20-2 shows such a bushing. Smaller cathodic components which take up only negligible protection current (e.g., temperature probes) do not need to be insulated. 

LNG is predominantly methane, not toxic but flammable in air. Liquid below -161 ° C is delivered to the methane terminal in shiploads of 12,000 tonnes and is transferred into either four in-ground tanks, each of about 20,000 tonnes capacity or eight above-ground tanks, six w ilh 4,000 tonnes capacity and two with 1,000 tonnes capacity. The LNG is refrigerated below the boiling point of the gas mixture. 

Section 5.4.1 described explosions in storage tanks, and Section 13.3 described explosions in tank trucks, ignited by static sparks. The static was formed by the flow of a nonconducting liquid, and the spark discharges occurred between the body of the liquid and the grounded metal containers (or filling arms). 

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