Ground coke

Production. In the commercial production of strontium carbonate, celestite ore is cmshed, ground, and stored in bins before it is fed to rotary kilns. As the ground ore is being conveyed to the kilns, it is mixed with ground coke. In the kilns, the celestite is reduced to strontium sulfide [1314-96-1J, known as black ash, according to the reaction ... 

Ground Coke. The material prepd by finely grinding coke. Such material was used in primer compns such as MF 5, K chlorate 9, Sb2S3 3, Tetryl 2 ground coke 1 part. It was also used in commercial expls, such as Black Dynamite, Dahmenite and Golovine Explosive, listed on p C292-L in Vol 3 of Encycl, under Coke... 

Typical pilot plant operation began by preparing an intimate mixture of ground coke and KOH in a ribbon blender in a range of KOH/coke weight ratios of 2 to 4. The blend was stored in N2" blanketed and sealed drums. 

This acid is mixed into a paste with charcoal or ground coke and distilled, finishing at a yellow heat—... 

If formed carbon is manufactured from low temperature lignite coke, a low temperature carbonization of the binder (pitch, organic resin), which consolidates the ground coke, has to be carried out. In this way the binder is also carbonized (see Section 5.7-3). 

Chloride Process. The flow chart of the chloride process is presented in Figure 4. In the chloride process, finely ground mtile reacts with chlorine in the presence of calcined petroleum coke. At a temperature between 800 and 1200°C, the following reaction occurs ... 

Property Modifiers. Property modifiers can, in general, be divided into two classes nonabrasive and abrasive, and the nonabrasive modifiers can be further classified as high friction or low friction. The most frequently used nonabrasive modifier is a cured resinous friction dust derived from cashew nutshell Hquid (see Nuts). Ground mbber is used in particle sizes similar to or slightly coarser than those of the cashew friction dusts for noise, wear, and abrasion control. Carbon black (qv), petroleum coke flour, natural and synthetic graphite, or other carbonaceous materials (see Carbon) are used to control the friction and improve wear, when abrasives are used, or to reduce noise. The above mentioned modifiers are primarily used in organic and semimetallic materials, except for graphite which is used in all friction materials. 

The Aero pulverizer (Foster Wheeler Coij).) is used for coal, pitch, and coke, blowing the ground material direcdly into the furnace. The housing is divided into two or three short cylindrical pulverizing chambers. 

Where there is available ground and the specific resistivity of soil in the upper layers is low, the anodes are laid horizontally [3]. A trench 0.3 to 0.5 m wide and 1.5 to 1.8 m deep is dug with, for example, an excavator or trench digger (see Fig. 9-2). A layer of coke 0.2-m thick is laid on the bottom of the trench. The impressed current anodes are placed on this and covered with a 0.2-m layer of coke. Finally the trench is filled with the excavated soil. No. IV coke with a particle size of 5 to 15 mm and specific gravity of 0.6 t m" is backfilled at a rate of 50 kg per meter of trench. The anodes are connected in parallel and every three to four anode cables are connected to the anode header cable by a mechanical cable crimp encapsulated in an epoxy splice kit to give an economical service life at high current output. 

Fig. 9-3 Grounding resistance of anodes in a continuous coke bed with a covering of earth t = 1 m and a diameter d = 0.3 m for a specific soil resistivity of p = 10 Q m. Horizontal anodes from Eq. (24-23), see line 9 in Table 24-1 vertical anodes R ...

The wattage is directly proportional to the grounding resistance of the whole anode bed and therefore to the specific soil resistivity. Equation (9-5) gives the grounding resistance of the anode installation which either consists of n horizontal or vertical single anodes or of anodes with a horizontal continuous coke bed of total length I = ns. The total cost function is given by [1] ... 

The grounding resistance of the three anodes with the stated dimensions of the coke backfill, a soil resistivity of 75 D m and an interference factor, F = 1.2, was calculated from Eq. (24-35) as about 14 Q. After the anode installation was in operation, measurements of the grounding resistance gave a value of about 12 Q. 

In the first reconstruction [27] of road slabs contaminated with CL, silicon iron anodes were embedded in a layer of coke breeze as shown in Fig. 19-4a or the current connection was achieved with noble metal wires in a conducting mineral bedding material. Slots were ground into the concrete surface for this purpose at spacings of about 0.3 m (see Fig. 19-4b). This system is not suitable for vertical structures. 

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