Griseofulvin Cyclosporine

Drugs in Class II have low aqueous solubility (but high membrane permeability), and any factor affecting dissolution rate would be expected to have an impact on the absorption of such compounds. Factors that are noted in Fig. 11, such as fluid pH, volume and viscosity, and bile secretion (especially in response to fatty foods), might be expected to play a role in dissolution rate and thereby affect absorption. Compounds that fall into this class include carbamazepine, cyclosporin, digoxin, griseofulvin, and spironolactone. Food would be expected to exert a potentially significant affect on... 

Griseofulvin, lAA, podophyllotoxin, taxol, vinblastine, vincristine Calcineurin inhibitors tacrolimus, cyclosporin A... 

There are occasional anomalies to the rule that food reduces and delays peak plasma concentration. The anti-fungal drug, griseofulvin, has enhanced absorption if taken with a meal - possibly because it becomes emulsified by bile salts and passes more readily into the lymphatic drainage of the gut which bypasses the liver, entering the venous system directly. The immuno-suppressant cyclosporin, and calcium salts in general, show a similar increase in absorption when taken with a fatty meal. 

For a typical drug with zero-order absorption, the concentrations after oral administration rise to a sharp peak and then quickly decline with no intermediate plateau. Examples of insoluble drugs whose absorption processes follow zero-order kinetics are cyclosporine (Grevel et al., 1986) and griseofulvin (Bates and Carrigan, 1975). 

Fluconazole Fluconazole may increase the plasma concentration of phenytoin, sulfonylurea (hypoglycemic), cyclosporin, zidovudine, cisapride, and terfenadine. Coadministration of fluconazole with rifampicin results in the reduced plasma concentration of fluconazole. Griseofulvin may reduce the plasma concentration of salicylates, coumarin, anticoagulants, and oral contraceptives. 

Abu-Romeh SH, Rashed A. Cyclosporin A and griseofulvin another drug interaction. Nephron 1991 58(2) 237. 

Noninterfering acetaminophen, acyclovir, allopurinol, amoxicillin, amphotericin B, am-picillin, aspirin, azlocillin, bendrofluazide, bumetanide, buprenorphine, carbenidllin, cefazolin, cefotaxime, cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cephalexin, chlorambucil, chloramphenicol, chlordiazepoxide, chlorpheniramine, chlorpropamide, cyclophosphamide, cyclosporin, C5d arabine, daunorubicin, dextropropoxyphene, dihydrocodeine, domperidone, flucytosine, furosemide, gentamicin, griseofulvin, melphalan, methotrexate, metochlo-pramide, metronidazole, miconazole, nabilone, netilmicin, nicotinamide, nitrazepam, penicillin G, piperacillin, prednisolone, procarbeizine, prochlorperazine, riboflavin, rifampin, sulfamethoxazole, thioguanine, tobramycin, tolbutamide, trimethoprim... 

Other medically important polyketides include the antibiotics doxorubicin (14-hydroxydaunomycin Fig. 5-23), rifamycin (Box 28-and the antifimgal pimaricin, griseofulvin, and amphotericin (Fig. 21-10), the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor lovastatin, the 2-butanyl-4-methylthreonine of cyclosporin A (Box 9-F), and other immunosuppressants such as rapamycin. Many characteristic plant products, including stilbenes and chalcones (Box 21-E), are polyketides. A variety of different polyketides serve as phytoalexins. Some such as aflatoxin are dangerous toxins. Ants and ladybird beetles make toxic polyamine alkaloids using a polyketide pathway. ... 

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