Greenhouse effect of carbon dioxide

In contrast, some climate models postulate a nuclear summer, stating that a worldwide warming would follow a nuclear war because of the many small contributions to the greenhouse effect from carbon dioxide, water vapor, ozone, and various aerosols entering the troposphere and stratosphere. 

Cl -1- O3 CIO + O2. 6 The gas causing an increase in the greenhouse effect is carbon dioxide released by combustion of fossil fuels. It allows most of the Sun s radiation through to the Earth s surface but, when the warm surface gives out infra-red radiation it stops this radiation from escaping into space. Hence, an increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere makes the atmosphere a better insulating (2)... 

The effects of the various pollutants include (1) the greenhouse effect from carbon dioxide, (2) acid rain from SO, and NO, (3) ozone depletion from volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and (4) ground level health effects from ozone and particulates. 

Under high pressures, methane and ice form gas hydrates called clathrates. Methane hydrates can be considered as modified ice structures enclosing methane, melting at temperatures well above the melting point of pure ice. For instance, above a pressure of 3 MPa, methane hydrate is stable at temperatures above 0 C and under a pressure of 10 MPa it is stable at 15°C. From an environmental point of view methane exhibits a global warming potential 21 times the greenhouse gas effect of carbon dioxide. 

Burning of any hydrocarbon (fossil fuel) or, for that matter, any organic material converts its carbon content to carbon dioxide and its hydrogen to water. Because power plants and other industries emit large amounts of carbon dioxide, they contribute to the so-called greenhouse warming effect on our planet, which causes significant en-... 

Among other contributions of Arrhenius, the most important were probably in chemical kinetics (Chapter 11). In 1889 he derived the relation for the temperature dependence of reaction rate. In quite a different area in 1896 Arrhenius published an article, "On the Influence of Carbon Dioxide in the Air on the Temperature of the Ground." He presented the basic idea of the greenhouse effect, discussed in Chapter 17. 

The photo below, taken by the Ttl/ng spacecraft, shows that the surface of Mars has been eroded, apparently by liquid water. More recent photos transmitted by Spirit and Opportunity convince scientists that this was the case. Apparently, Mars was once much warmer than it is today. Planetary scientists speculate that at one time the atmosphere of Mars may have contained large amounts of carbon dioxide, setting up a greenhouse effect that made the surface of that planet warmer and wetter. Might there, then, have been life on Mars at some earlier time Molecular stmctures found in meteorites thought to come from Mars have been interpreted to show that there was once life there, but these results are controversial. 

The greenhouse effect relates to the increased warming of the earth s surface and lower atmosphere that occurs from increased levels of carbon dioxide and other atmospheric gases. This is similar to the glass panels... 

The increased use of hydrocarbon fuels in the last five decades is slowly increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, which produces more carbonic acid, leading to an imbalance in the natural carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere, which, in turn, leads to more acidity in the rain. In addition, there is a greenhouse effect, and the average temperature of the Earth may be increasing. 

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