Grass silage

Wyss, U. (2000) The influence of different farming systems on nutrient contents and on grass silage quality. Proceedings of the 13th International IFOAM Scientific Conference, Basil, Switzerland, p. 398. 

Thomas C, Aston K and Daley S R (1985), Milk production from silage. 3. A comparison of red clover with grass silage , Animal Production, 41, 21-31. 

Danielsen V, Hansen L L, Moller F, Bejerholm C and Nielsen S (2000), Production results and sensory meat quality of pigs feed different amounts of concentrate and ad lib. Clover-grass or clover grass silage , in Hermansen J E, Lund V and Thuen E, Ecological Animal Husbandry in the Nordic Countries, DARCOF Report, vol. 2, 79-86. 

Voors, P.I. and A.W. Van Weers. 1991. Transfer of Chernobyl radiocaesium (134Cs and 137Cs) from grass silage to milk in dairy cows. Jour. Environ. Radioactiv. 13 125-140. 

Vreman, K., T.D.B. Van Der Struijs, J. Van Den Hoek, D.L.M. Berende, and P.W. Goedhart. 1989. Transfer of Cs-137 from grass and wilted grass silage to milk of dairy cows. Sci. Total Environ. 85 139-147. 

Strom et al have isolated a Lactobacillusplantarum strain (MiLAB 393) with antifungal properties from grass silage. Three antifungal substances produced by the strain have been isolated, that is, cyclo(Phe-Pro), cyclo(Phe- w j-4-OH-Pro), and 3-phenyllactic acid. 

Givens, D.I., Everington, J.M. and Adamson, J.H. (1989) The digestibility and ME content of grass silage and their prediction from laboratory measurements. Animal Feed Science Technology 24, 27M3. 

Thang, V.H. and S. Novalin, Green Biorefinery Separation of Lactic Acid from Grass Silage Juice by Chromatography using Neutral Polymeric Resin, Bioresource Technol., Corrected Proof (2007). 

Hurtaud, C., Lemosquet, S., Rulquin, H. 2000. Effect of graded duodenal infusions of glucose on yield and composition of milk from dairy cows. 2. Diets based on grass silage. J. Dairy Sci. 83, 2952-2962. 

Murphy, J.J., Connolly, J.F., McNeill, G.P. 1995. Effects on milkfat composition and cow performance of feeding concentrates containing full fat rapeseed and maize distillers grains on grass-silage based diets. Livestock Prod. Sci. 44, 1-11. 

Banks, W., Clapperton, J.L., Kelly, M.E. 1980. Effect of oil-enriched diets on the milk yield and composition, and on the composition and physical properties of the milk fat of dairy cows receiving a basal ration of grass silage. J. Dairy Res. 47, 277-285. 

In a comparison, Lee et al. (2003) reported that ruminal synthesis of RA and VA was higher in steers fed red or white clover silage than grass silage. However, dry matter intakes were markedly different among experimental... 

More dramatic inhibition of the reduction of trans-18 1 in the rumen was observed when fish oil was included in the diet (Wonsil et al., 1994). Studies have shown that feeding 250 g of fish oil/day to cows fed grass silage-based diets decreased ruminal outflow of stearic acid by 83% (Shingfield et al.,... 

The relationship between substrate and product for A-9-desaturase is reflected by the desaturase index, defined as [RA a- (RA + VA)]. Various approaches to calculating desaturase index in milk fat are discussed by Kelsey et al. (2003). In the study by Corl et al. (2001), the desaturase index was 0.23 for the hay and concentrate diet and 0.20 when the diet was supplemented with PH VO. Kay et al. (2004) reported a desaturase index of 0.25 for the pasture diet and 0.22 when the diet was supplemented with sunflower oil. Piperova et al. (2002) observed desaturase indices for highland low-fiber diets of 0.40 and 0.35, respectively. Shingfield et al. (2003) reported desaturase indices of 0.18 and 0.15 with a grass silage diet without or supplemented with fish oil these values are probably lower than others because the analytical methods accounted for minor CLA isomers that typically co-elute with RA or because of inhibition of A-9-desaturase by the long-chain PUFA from the fish oil supplement. The desaturase index, as defined earlier, should approximate the proportion of VA desaturated in the tissues. A summary of endogenous RA synthesis estimates and the proportion of VA desaturated in the tissues is in Table III. 

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