Grass beds

The marine environments around Malaysia are rich in natural resources including fisheries, coral reefs, sea-grass beds, and mangroves, lining the coastlines. Petroleum and natural gas resources are quite abundant in the South China Sea where offshore mining and oil prospecting activities predominate significantly. 

Avoiding consumption involves being where and/or when consumers are rare or inactive. Seaweeds and sessile invertebrates can avoid predators spatially, by growing in habitats with low densities of predators, such as reef flats, sand plains, sea grass beds, and mangroves,20-23 or temporally, by growing when predation pressures are low.24-26... 

Table S.l. Skeletal composition of a calcareous sand from a grass bed. Ferry Reach, Bermuda. (After Pestana, 1977.)...

Stevenson, J.C. (1988) Comparative ecology of submerged grass beds in freshwater estuarine, and marine environments. Limnol. Oceanogr. 33, 867. 

Rabbitfish are found predominantly on the reefs in the Pacific and Indian oceans, and may be found in small schools on or near sea grass beds or weedy bottoms, or amongst coral reefs in pairs. They average about 11" long, easily recognized... 

Hybrid Crystallization/Adsorption Process. In 1994, IFP and Chevron announced the development of a hybrid process that reportedly combines the best features of adsorption and crystallization (59,99). In this option of the Eluxyl process, the adsorbent bed is used to initially produce PX of 90—95% purity. The PX product from the adsorption section is then further purified in a small single-stage crystallizer and the filtrate is recycled back to the adsorption section. It is reported that ultrahigh (99.9+%) purity PX can be produced easily and economically with this scheme for both retrofits of existing crystallization units as well as grass-roots units. A demonstration plant was built at Chevron s Pascagoula refinery in 1994. 

This application was made between 0700 and 0830 a.m. in cool (air temp., 10 0 clear and windless weather. Both granular and emulsion formulations were incorporated to the 7.5cm depth with a disc cultivator within 15 minutes of application. A second cultivation to the same depth, but at right angles to the first, was completed within 2-3 hours. On May 20th both plots were spring-tooth harrowed for seed-bed preparation for soybean planting on the same day. The only subsequent soil disturbance was a row cultivation in late June to control a severe infestation of quack-grass control of broadleaf weeds was essentially complete with the trifluralin. 

Clear contrast These grass paths may not be immaculately maintained, but look well-groomed in this context, forming neat strips of green carpet between "beds" of rough grasses and wild flowers. The effect looks intentional, rather than the result of neglect. 

To produce uniformly distributed high-residue (>6 t ha biomass), grass-legume cover crop mixtures on permanent controlled-traffic raised beds, keeping the soil continuously covered using diverse rotations of cash and cover crops. 

Feed ration Forage based on cut and carry grass is often poor quality from communal areas such as river beds and road sides, and residues from cash crops or human food crops (e.g. maize stover, rice straw and banana pseudostem). Concentrates are based on local (national) residues like maize bran and cottonseed meal. 

A special case is the sampling of small seasonal streams in Mediterranean countries, which must be sampled with extreme care. Some of the seasonal streams have had no water flow for many years, and the stream bed may be covered by fallen bank material in which grass or other plants may have grown. Since, active stream sediment must be sampled, the fallen bank material, covering the old active stream sediment, must be removed by digging before taking the sample at each subsite. The pits should be dug near to the centre of the channel. 

Ametryn, another triazine herbicide, was previously used for weed control in citrus. This herbicide first appeared in recommendations in 1979 for control of broadleaf weeds, annual grasses, and some perennial grasses. Ametryn was recommended at use rates of 3.6-7.2kg a.i./ha, with a maximum of 5.4kg a.i./ha for both shallow, poorly drained flatwood soils (soils having more organic matter and clay) and bedded groves (trees planted on raised beds). It was recommended that ametryn should not be applied to trees less than 2 years old. Between 1984 and 1988 the application rates were increased to 7.2-10.8kg a.i./ha, with the annual rate not to exceed 13.6kg a.i./ha, and with lower rates... 

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