Grafting applicability

The first demonstration of the industrial importance of heme peroxidases in grafting applications has been the development of hybrid resins from renewable sources to replace phenol-formaldehyde based resins. Phenolic resins are widely used in surface coatings, adhesives, laminates, molding, friction materials, abrasives, flame retardants, carbon membranes, glass fiber laminates, fiberboards, and protein-based wood adhesives, [5]. Table 7.1 and Fig. 7.2 summarize some of the... 

Lee SJ et al (2007) In vitro evaluation of electrospun nanofiber scaffolds for vascular graft application. J Biomed Mater Res A 83(4) 999-1008... 

S J. Kalita, et al., Porous calcium aluminate ceramics for bone-graft applications. J. Mater Res. 17(12), 3042-3049 (2002). 

Table I summarizes, in a very simplistic way, the uses of different types of monomers for different graft applications. Obviously, a more diverse selection of monomers and a large number of substrates can be considered for various well defined product needs. EB grafting is but a tool to meet a large plurality of product opportunities. 

Four chapters in this volume are addressed to the uses of chelated alkali metal complexes in various polymerizations, telomerizations, and polymer grafting applications. They fully cover all of the published work in these areas. There are, however, several general features based on our unpublished results which warrant a general discussion. These include the effect of catalyst ion pair structure on polymerization activity and polybutadiene microstructure, the effect of steric hindrance on catalyst activity, and the mechanisms for chain transfer. 

Theron, J.P., Knoetze, J.H., Sanderson, R.D., Hunter, R., Mequanint, K., Franz, T. et al (2010) Modification, crosslinking and reactive electrospinning of a thermoplastic medical polyurethane for vascular graft applications. Acta Biomater., 6 (7), 2434-2447. 

More recently, the Santerre lab used the coculture of primary cells with monocytes/ MDMs to promote a wound-heaUng milieu to encourage cell attachment, infiltration, and proliferation on D-PHl PU films and scaffolds for TE vascular graft applications [67,91,105-107]. In the context of blood vessel TE, it was found that by coculturing monocytes with ECs on D-PHI films that the ECs attached better and spread out more while displaying more EC functional markers than EC monocultures (CD31) [91 ]. VSMCs benefited from coculture with monocytes on both film and porous scaffold forms of D-PHI [67,106,107], On porous scaffolds, the monocyte coculture helped VSMCs migrate within the pores and increased deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins [107]. A recent study found that monocyte-conditioned medium could also promote VSMC attachment to... 

Jing X, Mi H-Y, Sahck MR, Cordie TM, Penga X-F, Turng L-S. Electrospinning thermoplastic polyurethane/graphene oxide scaffolds for small diameter vascular graft applications. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2015 49 40-50. 

Kidane AG, Punshon G, Salacinski HJ, Ramesh B, Dooley A, Olbrich M, et al. Incorporation of a lauric acid-conjugated GRGDS peptide directly into the matrix of a poly(carbonate-ureajurethane polymer for use in cardiovascular bypass graft applications. J Biomed Mater Res Part A 2006 79 606-17. 

Greenwood JE, Dearman BL. Split-skin graft application over an integrating, biodegradable temporising polymer matrix immediate and delayed. J Bum Care Res Jannary-February 2012 33(1) 7-19. 

Homogeneous cell distribution via perfusion Application of physiologic flow/shear for enhanced matrix deposition 3-dimensionai support of geometrically-compiex anatomically-shaped grafts Application of mechanical loading via ... 

Neoprene AD-G is a Neoprene AD variant designed especially for use in grafting applications, although it is suitable for use in standard contact bond formulations as well. In the... 

M.N.S. (2006) Biomimetic nanocomposites for bone graft applications. Nanomedicine, 1,... 

Liao, S., Ngiam, M., Chan, C.K., Ramakiishna, S., 2009. Fabrication of nano-hydroxyapatite/ collagen/osteonectin composites for bone graft applications. Biomedical Materials 4, 025019. 

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