Good practice works

To protect both parties in a contract arrangement it is good practice to make a contract in which the scope of work, completion time and method of reimbursement are agreed. Contracts are normally awarded though a competitive tendering process or after negotiation if there is only one suitable contractor. 

Laboratoiy procedures may need to be evaluated against the sampling techniques and materials involved in the toll. There may be new laboratoiy chemicals and hazards to be considered. This work may have been identified in the evaluation of special analytical techniques required for the process. A good practice is to ensure that the lab technicians have the necessaiy guidance and types of equipment on hand to monitor the process and waste streams accurately and safely. 

We must not forget the client. The client review is an excellent tool that can be used to get the client s first impression of safety performance. This has been shown to be especially effective when conducted on a formal basis after a phase of the project, or the entire project, has been completed. The PM and the SM should arrange to meet the client represen-tative(s) in a face-to-face meeting to discuss safety performance and possibly other parameters of the recently completed job, or phase of job. The information obtained from the review is immediately analyzed. Once analyzed, it can be used to prevent recurrences of identified problems, to publicize good practices and innovative approaches to problem solving, and to perform work more safely and efficiently. 

Isolations should not be removed until maintenance is complete. It is good practice to issue three work permits—one for inserting slip-plates (or disconnecting pipework), one for the main job, and one for removing slip-plates (or restoring disconnections). 

A note on good practice It is a good idea to test your understanding with the selftests that follow each worked example. Answers to the B self-tests can be found at the back of this book. 

In order to design a zeoHte membrane-based process a good model description of the multicomponent mass transport properties is required. Moreover, this will reduce the amount of practical work required in the development of zeolite membranes and MRs. Concerning intracrystaUine mass transport, a decent continuum approach is available within a Maxwell-Stefan framework for mass transport [98-100]. The well-defined geometry of zeoHtes, however, gives rise to microscopic effects, like specific adsorption sites and nonisotropic diffusion, which become manifested at the macroscale. It remains challenging to incorporate these microscopic effects into a generalized model and to obtain an accurate multicomponent prediction of a real membrane. 

There are, however, certain general principles of good practice which should constantly be kept in mind when working with radioisotopes. 

Flash units and motor drives are potential ignition sources. In many cases, a gas test and hot work permit will be required before using a flash unit, motor drive, or video camera. Each specific use of flash devices may require authorization. Infrared gas detectors may also be set off by flash units. When using a flash even with permission, it is a good practice to take the time to warn and alert all personnel who could see the flash (or a reflection of the flash). This will preset... 

While using the 0.1 % threshold as a determinant for when an impurity should be isolated to meet regulatory requirements is a good practice, there are other times when it becomes necessary to work with extraneous compounds at still lower levels. During the development of process chemistry for the synthesis of the protease inhibitor Tipranavir several synthetic lots of the drug were discolored, appearing pinkish rather than white as they should. It was determined that a low-level ( 0.1%) highly colored material was responsible for the problem with those lots and a request for the isolation and characterization of that contaminant was received [66]. 

Calibration procedures and test methods and frequencies need to be defined usually as part of an SOP. If you intend to transfer data from the instrument to a software package, ensure that data integrity is preserved during transfer. Don t assume that the transfer protocols on standard interfaces always work as intended. It is good practice to ensure that the data have not been truncated or distorted during transfer. 

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