Goldschmidt process

Goldschmidt process The preparation of sodium methanoate by pressurizing CO and... 

Thermit Also spelled Thermite, and also called the Goldschmidt process. The reaction of metallic aluminum with a metal oxide is very exothermic and can be used to liberate other metals from their oxides, or simply as a source of heat. In the latter case, iron oxide is used ... 

One method of preparation consists in a modification of the Goldschmidt process. Niobium pentoxide is mixed with an alloy of the rare earths, called mixed metal, obtained in the manufacture of thorium nitrate, and consisting roughly of 45 per cent, of cerium, 20 per cent, of lanthanum, 15 per cent, of didymium, and about 20 per cent, of other rare-earth metals. The reaction is carried out in a magnesia-lined crucible, and is started with a firing mixture of barium peroxide, potassium chlorate, and aluminium powder. Considerable evolution of heat takes place and the reduction is extremely rapid a button of niobium is obtained 4 which, however, is not pure. 

Aluminium-niobium alloys are best produced by the Goldschmidt process. A product which contains about 8 per cent, of aluminium is harder than glass or quartz its density is 7 5.3 A brittle alloy of chromium and niobium is obtained by fusing green chromium oxide and niobium together in the electric furnace.1... 

The common practice of thermite welding is another application of the Goldschmidt process. Iron rails are often welded together by this procedure. The ends to be welded together are surrounded by a packing of sand and clay. Molten iron is produced by the reaction... 

The general method of producing a metai by reduction of its oxide by aluminum is called the Goldschmidt process or aluminothermic process Fig. 251.) Metallic chromium is also made by electrolytic reduction of compounds, usually chromic acid in aqueous solution. 

Goldschmidt Process.—While this oxidation of organic substances was formerly the commercial method of preparing oxalic acid it has now been replaced by another process known as the Goldschmidt Process. This process rests upon the reaction, previously described, (p. 267), by which oxalic acid decomposes into formic acid and carbon di-oxide. When, however, formic acid, or better one of its salts, is... 

Goldschmidt process. Formation of sodium formate by absorption of carbon monoxide in caustic soda at increased pressures and temperatures around 200C. At temperatures above 400C, alkali formate liberates hydrogen and yields alkali oxalate. 

Beryllium has also been prepared2 by other methods (1) Beryllium chloride is easily reduced by sodium or potassium, but the chloride must be in the anhydrous condition and its preparation is very troublesome. (2) The Goldschmidt process yields metallic beryllium containing about 10 per cent aluminium. The application of external heat is necessary in order to raise the temperature above the melting point of beryllium. (3) Potassium beryllium fluoride mixed with sodium and heated strongly gives metallic beryllium. 

By reduction of the oxide by the Goldschmidt process. This produces a metal 98-99 per cent pure, containing small percentages of iron and silicon as impurities, but quite free from carbon,... 

Thermite is used in incendiary bombs and for welding steel. See also Goldschmidt process. 

Goldschmidt process A method of extracting metals by reducing the oxide with aluminium powder, e.g. 

Chromium metal is found in ores as an oxide, Cr203- This ore can be eonverted to metalhc Cr by the Goldschmidt process, Cr203(s) -I- 2 Al(s) — 2 Cr(0 + Al203(s). Suppose that you have 4.5 tons of chromium(III) oxide. Describe how you would determine how much aluminum metal you would need to carry out this process. List any information you would have to look up. 

Goldschmidt process A process for extracting certain metals from their oxides by reduction with aluminum, named for German chemist Hans Goldschmidt (1861-1923), who discovered it. See thermite. 

Aluminum metal is also used to produce other metals. The Goldschmidt process is a method of preparing a metal by reduction of its oxide with powdered aluminum. Chromium metal is obtained this way the reaction is highly exothermic, because of the large negative heat of formation of AI2O3 ... 

Solvay process (22.2) Goldschmidt process (22.4) steam-reforming process (22.5)... 

How many grams of aluminum are required to react with 15.00 g of chromium(ni) oxide by the Goldschmidt process for the production of chromium metal ... 

Pure chromium metal is prepared by the exothermic reaction of chromium(III) oxide, obtained from chromite ore, with aluminum (the Goldschmidt process). Once the reaction mixture is ignited, the large heat of reaction produces molten chromium. 

Goldschmidt process a method of preparing a metal hy reduction of its oxide with powdered aluminum. (22.4)... 

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