Glycerol, first analysis

Phosphorus, fatty acids, carbohydrates, glycerol, and amino acids were analyzed by the method described in our previous paper [8] and references cited therein. SDS-PAGE [8], TLC [9], HPLC [9], determination of phos-phomonoester [8], reducing sugar analysis [13], methylation analysis [14], and hexose analysis [15] were performed as described in the respective literature. Two dimensional TLC was performed on silica-gel plate (Merck Silicagel 60 F254 No. 5715) using the solvent systems, chloroform-methanol-acetic acid (65/10/1, v/v/v) for the first development and chloroform-methanol-25% ammonia solution (65/10/1) for the second. 

Reverse-phase liquid chromatography is now virtually the only method used in the analysis of the TG mixtures. The first paper on TG-HPLC analysis was published in 1975 by Pei et al. (81). Triglycerides were separated on a VYDAC reverse-phase (35 - 44 /xm) column and eluted with methanol-water (9 1). Since Pei et al. first applied RP-HPLC to the separation of triacyl-glycerols, a number of reverse-phase systems have been developed as rapid and efficient resolution of complex triacylglycerol mixtures can be achieved. 

Other types of reactions which have been studied using FABMS include those catalyzed by enzymes. This application is particularly interesting because it represents for the first time a generally useful and molecularly specific probe with which to measure a wide variety of enzyme substrates and products. Two approaches have been successful, one in which the reaction is followed by the removal of aliquots of sample taken at timed intervals with subsequent analysis by FABMS and the other allowing the reaction to take place in a glycerol-water mixture on the probe directly inside the mass spectrometer. The choice of either method depends upon the application. If the prime interest is to analyze a substrate, for example, monitoring the release of amino acids from a polypeptide using an exopeptidase, then direct analysis inside the spectrometer may be preferred. If, on the other hand, the prime interest lies... 

Figure 8 Low temperature behavior of a 50 50 glycerol-H20 system containing 10 per 1000 Cl Na. RW1 recordings of DTA and Z sin (p during the first rewarming from -196°C to -95"C. When the devitrification peak is completed (-95°C), the sample is immediately cooled back to -196°C. RW2 Second analysis from -196°C to -20°C after thermal treatment. ...

Since phosphatidic acid serves as a precursor of phospholipids, galactolipids, and TGs, it is not surprising that its own synthesis has been reported in four plant compartments plastids, ER, mitochondria, and Golgi bodies. In each case, esterification of the first acyl group to the in-1 position of glycerol-3-phosphate is catalyzed by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase. Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase then completes the synthesis by acylating the sn-2 position. However, plastidial and extraplastidial acyltransferases show distinct differences in structure and specificity. Analysis of these differences and the different compositions of plastid and non-plastid membranes led to the prokaryotic/ eukaryotic two-pathway scheme for plant lipid synthesis shown in Fig. 3. 

Two samples of homogenized food waste were used to match hydrolysis and SSF fermentation profiles to the kinetic models. The first sample was a mixture of processed ready-to-eat packaged food (PRE). LC analysis matched the composition of simple sugars and glycerol found on the PRE packages. Additional nutritional data on packages was used to determine starch (by difference), protein, ash, and lipids content. Theoretical ethanol yield for the PRE sample at a concentration of 100 g/1 was 32.0 g/1. 

In Fig. 7.10, the simplified reaction schema of the free-radical mechanism at 470 °C is presented as a result of the flow analysis. Here, the first step is the abstraction of a OH group from glycerol. 

Various polyesters have been analysed by SFC. The first reported use of SFC for the analysis of glycerides was by Rawdon and co-workers [70], who separated mono-, di- and triolein and soyabean oil triglycerides by packed-column SFC with CO2 or 1% methanol in CO2 and UV detection. Later, Chester [69] analysed a glycerol monostearate sample which contained... 

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