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Glycerol chemicals production

In order to convert the raw oils into useful material, transesterification technology is used. The oil is reacted with a low molecular weight alcohol, commonly methanol, in the presence of a catalyst to form the fatty acid ester and glycerol (Scheme 6.1). The ester is subsequently separated from the glycerol and used as biodiesel, the glycerol being used as a raw material for fine chemicals production. Although the chemistry is simple, in order to make biodiesel commercially viable the process must be... [Pg.174]

According to the 1981-83 National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES, 1997), approximately 3000 workers in the United States were potentially exposed to allyl chloride (see General Remarks). Occupational exposure to allyl chloride may occur in its manufacture and in the production of epichlorohydrin, glycerol and a wide range of other chemical products. [Pg.1232]

Considering the worldwide increase in biodiesel production, the market price of glycerol could be decreased from the current 1.34-2.00/kg to 0.45-1.12/kg making glycerol a major building block for bulk chemical production (Werpy and Petersen, 2004). Glycerol conversion could be accomplished by green chemical... [Pg.90]

Glycerol could offer a significant advantage in several microbial fermentations as compared to glucose, because in certain cases it could lead to higher production yields and less by-product formation (Lee et al., 2001 Bories et al., 2004 Dharmadi et al., 2006). However, intensive research is still required in order to develop bioprocessing schemes for viable chemical production from glycerol. [Pg.92]

Among the commercially important esters of inorganic acids are those of nitric, sulfuric, phosphoric, and silicic acids. The nitrates of glycerol and cellulose are among the oldest of synthetic chemical products. They are prepared by the direct esterification of the alcohol by nitric acW. [Pg.723]

Biodiesel, being a high-volume product, currently results in large amounts of glycerol by-product which can be used as a feedstock for commodity chemical products, feed applications, materials, and energy. The EU-funded Sustoil [17] project has identified a number of potential applications for glycerol which could result in commercial opportunities. Some of the appUcations of glycerol are discussed later in this chapter. [Pg.127]

Fatty acid esters are generally obtained from the transesterification of fats and oils with a lower alcohol, e.g. methanol, along with glycerol. More than 90% of all oleochemical reactions (conversion into fatty alcohols and fatty amines) of fatty acid esters (or acids) are carried out at the carboxy functionality. However, transformation of unsaturated fatty acid esters by reactions of the carbon-carbon double bond, such as hydrogenation, epoxidation, ozonolysis, and dimerization, are becoming increasingly of industrial importance. Here we will discuss another catalytic reaction of the carbon-carbon double bond, viz. the olefin metathesis reaction, in which olefins are converted into new products via the rupture and reformation of carbon-carbon double bonds [2]. Metathesis of unsaturated fatty acid esters provides a convenient route to various chemical products in only a few reaction steps. [Pg.378]

Gonzalez, R., and Yazdani, S.S. (2013) Fermentation of glycerol and production of valuable chemical and biofuel molecules. Biotechnol Lett, 35 (6),... [Pg.449]

Esterfip-H A process for converting vegetable oils to methyl esters for use as diesel fuel ( biodiesel ). A heterogeneous transesterification catalyst is used. Developed by IFP and Sofiproteol, France licensed by Axens. Axens was awarded the Kirkpatrick Chemical Engineering Achievement Award for this in 2007. First commercialized at Sete, France, in 2006. Several more units were announced in 2007. The latest version uses two fixed-bed reactors and a zinc aluminate catalyst developed by Axens. The glycerol by-product is 98% pure. [Pg.122]

Duarte, S.H., Maugeri, F., 2014. Prediction of quality properties for biodiesel production by oleaginous yeast cultivated in pure and raw glycerol chemical engineering transactions. Chemical Engineering Transactions 37, 463—468. [Pg.227]


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Glycerol production

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