Glutamate receptors AMPA receptor subunits

Interestingly and consistent with previously reported results for prenatal TCDD exposure (another environmental contaminant found to be released as a result of the terrorist attack on the WTC) the effects on the aforementioned AMPA-mediated single cell responses were validated by RT-PCR. Glutamate receptor, AMPA-type subunit (GluRl) temporal developmental mRNA expression was determined in control and B(a)P-exposed offspring. The results shown in Figure 17.8 were normalized to ISsRNA expression. The results presented in this pre-weaning developmental... 

AMPA and kainate receptors are both blocked by quinoxalinediones but have different desensitization pharmacologies. AMPAreceptors are widespread throughout the CNS they serve as receptors for fast excitatory synaptic transmission mediated by glutamate. AMPA receptor subunits are GluRl-GluR4, kainate receptor... 

IP3R1 and IP3R2, glutamate (AMPA) receptor subunits GluRl and GluR4... 

Furuyama, T., Kiyama, H., Sato, K., Park, H.T., Maeno, H., Takagi, H., Tohyama, M. Region-specific expression of subunits of ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPA-type, KA-type, and NMDA receptors) in the rat spinal cord with special reference to nociception, Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 1993, 18, 141-151. 

Flip and flop splice forms of AMPA receptor subunits are indicated by i and o suffixes. Modified from Wisden and Seeburg (1993b). Glutamate receptor subunit mRNAs in selected adult rat CNS cells. 

Matsubara A, Laake JH, Davanger S, Usami S, Ottersen OP (1996) Organization of AMPA receptor subunits at a glutamate synapse a quantitative immunogold analysis of hair cell synapses in the rat organ of Corti. J Neurosci 76 4457-4467. 

Kainate receptors represent a third class of glutamate-gated ion channel, and are made up of subunits (GluR5-7, KAl and KA2) that are homologous to AMPA receptor subunits. The cytoplasmic domains of GluR6 and KA2 have been shown to bind to the PDZl domain and to the SH3 and GK domains of PSD-95, respectively (Garcia et al., 1998). Coexpression with PSD-95 can alter the desensitization properties of kainate receptors in heterologous expression systems. 

Non-NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors (the majority sodium channel containing) can be subdivided into a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) (comprising cloned subunits GluRl ) and kainate (GluR5-7, KAl-2) preferring receptors, with native receptors most likely to comprise either homo- or heteromeric pentamers of these subunits. 

Genetic regulation via splice variants and RNA editing further increases receptor heterogeneity the flip/flop versions and the Q/R site. Splice variants that impart functional differences and/or different cellular expression patterns have been found for most of the glutamate receptor subunits. The first splice variants to be described were the so-called flip and flop versions of the AMPA... 

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