Glucose-lowering activity

Blood Glucose Lowering Activity in Conscious Rabbits... 

A synthesis of chemically modified insulin 364 containing LA covalently bonded to the -amino group of Lys of insulin has been described <2006PPL135>. Its potency regarding glucose-lowering activity was similar to that of native insulin, but the compound loses efficacy more slowly. 

Fenfluramine has inherent blood glucose-lowering activity that can add to, or in some instances replace, the effects of conventional antidiabetic drugs. 

It is also interesting to note that the methyl group is an optimum substituent on N in both the chroman and benzofuran series of compounds. Replacement of N— Me by N—H (Table 19.1, entry 12c) or N— Et (Table 19.1, entry 12b) leads to a reduction of plasma glucose-lowering activities. 

We have also synthesized a number of alkoxypropionic acid derivatives and examined their glucose-lowering activities in animal models of diabetes. Interestingly, we found that... 

Although various synthetic dmgs were developed to treat diabetes, but few number of dmgs is available for the treatment of this chronic pathology. In addition, about 200 pure compounds derived from plant sources are reported to exhibit blood glucose-lowering activity. The phytocompounds are known... 

The 3,4-dihydro-22/-l,3-benzoxazin-4-one derivative DRF-2519 587, bearing a 2,4-thiazolidinedione moiety in the side chain attached to the nitrogen atom, proved to be an activator of the a- and y-types of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR-a and -7), which endowed it with antidiabetic and hypolipidemic potential. Compound 587 demonstrated significant plasma glucose-, insulin-, and lipid-lowering activity in mice and improvement in lipid parameters in fat-fed rats <2006BMC584>. 

Figure 2. Left Inhibitor I accumulation in leaves of wounded young tomato plants. The middle leaf of young tomato plants at the three leaf stage was wounded at zero time and excised at the times shown. Inhibitor I in the upper and lower intact leaves was determined immunologically 48 h following wounding. Right 5 /xL of glucose (specific activity, 28 Ci/mM) was applied directly...

A wide spectrum of thiazolidinedione compounds have been synthesized and characterized over the past 15 years. In general, these compounds were shown to be active in obese rodent models of type 2 diabetes but were not active in insulin-deficient diabetes, as in streptozo-tocin-treated rats. Thus, the compounds were shown to be insulin sensitizers with little or no potential to evoke hypoglycemia. In addition to potent insulin-sensitizing and glucose-lowering effects, the thiazolidinediones also showed substantial efficacy with respect to hypertriglyceridemia in animal models. A small number of thiazolidinediones have... 

There is also an aspect of positive control in the lac operon. The catabolite activator protein (CAP), carrying bound cAMP, is required for the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter i.e., it has a direct, positive effect on transcription. However, relief of repression (i.e., induction) will not occur in the presence of glucose, because glucose lowers the level of cAMP, so that CAP is unable to exert its effect. This reflects the preference of the cell to use glucose rather than lactose as a carbon source. Thus it can be seen that the cell stringently controls expression of the lac genes it expresses them only if it needs to metabolize lactose. 

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