Liver glucose homeostasis

Taken together, these data emphasize the importance of insulin action in the liver for glucose homeostasis, in the regulation of insulin secretion from (3-cells and indicate that the INSR plays an important role in the central regulation of body weight and reproduction [4, 5]. 

The liver not only extracts glucose from the blood in the postprandial state and stores it as glycogen, but is also able to synthesize glucose from non-carbohydrate sources via gluconeogenesis, therefore the liver is crucial in regulating glucose homeostasis. 

GLUT 2 Beta cells of pancreas liver, kidney gut 15-20 Regulation of insulin release, other aspects of glucose homeostasis... 

As mentioned previously, the endocrine system is concerned with maintaining homeostasis in the body. When a disturbance in physiologic function occurs, hormones are released to rectify the disturbance. As function returns to normal, hormone release is attenuated and homeostasis is resumed. For example, an increase in the blood glucose level initiates the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells. Insulin increases the incorporation into and storage of glucose in liver, skeletal muscle, and other tissues. Blood glucose levels then return to normal, and insulin release is terminated. 

The predominant tissue responding to signals that indicate reduced or elevated blood glucose levels is the liver. Elevated or reduced levels of blood glucose trigger hormonal responses to initiate pathways designed to restore glucose homeostasis (Table 2.3). 

The development of liver X receptor agonists has been an area of interest for over a decade, given the critical role of those receptors in cholesterol metabolism, glucose homeostasis, inflammation, innate immunity, and lipogenesis. Potential indications include atherosclerosis, diabetes, inflammation, AD, and cancer [442, 443],... 

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