Glucosamine, analysis

Galactosamine, analysis 31, 58 galactose 58, 59 glucosamine, analysis 31, 58 glutamic acid, analysis 20 glutamine analysis 20, 43 cyclization 38 glycoproteins... 

RPLC was used for the simultaneous determination of amino acids and amino sugars, including galactosamine and glucosamine, in glycopeptide analysis.124... 

Celecoxib, however, was effective. In the subgroup of patients with moderate to severe OA pain, the combination of glucosamine and chondroitin appeared to have a moderate effect, although this subgroup analysis must be interpreted with caution. On the other hand, a European study (the GUIDE trial) that compared a prescription glucosamine product with acetaminophen and placebo in patients with knee OA reported that glucosamine performed better versus placebo than did acetaminophen.27... 

Richy F, Bruyere O, Ethgen O, et al. Structural and symptomatic efficacy of glucosamine and chondroitin in knee osteoarthritis A comprehensive meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2003 163 1514-1522. 

Fresh bone contains cellular proteins and a certain amount of glycoprotein which contributes glucosamine to an analysis, but most protein in even a fresh bone or tooth is collagen. 

In a similar way it was demonstrated that in Salmonella minnesota Re LPS, KDO is bound to the nonreducing glucosamine residue in the lipid A backbone, presumably to position 3 (20). Recent experiments of our laboratory involving methylation analysis indicate that, in Proteus mirabilis, the polysaccharide component is linked to position 6 of the lipid A backbone (21). 

Results of chemical analysis showed that the glucosamine and total fatty acid contents of the KDO depleted, toxic lipid A and the nontoxic lipid A were essentially the same but that the nontoxic lipid A was significantly lower in the phosphorus content (Table V). The molar ratio of glucosamine phosphorus fatty acids was 2 2 4 for the toxic lipid A and 2 1 4 for the nontoxic lipid A. The relative molar distribution of normal fatty acids (lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids) and the 3-hydroxymyristic acid did not indicate a correlation between the content of these components and toxicity. The nontoxic lipid A possessed as high a tumor regression activity when combined with CWS as did the purified... 

The results of the chemical analysis of these fractions are given in Table VII. For the monophosphoryl lipid A (TLC-1, -3, and -5), the glucosamine phosphate ratio was 1.98 to 2.15, whereas... 

McAlindon TE, LaValley MP, Gulin JP, Felson DT. Glucosamine and chondroitin for treatment of osteoarthritis a systematic quality assessment and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2000 283 1469-1475. 

Figure 8.26 Analysis of a-D-glucosamine mutarotation as a function of time at pH 9.51 [169].

It is possible that the water-filled a-LTX channel, which is relatively wide ( 10A at its narrowest (Krasilnikov and Sabirov 1992 Orlova et al. 2000), can pass small molecules. Indeed, a-LTX channels inserted in the membranes of synaptosomes, NMJ nerve terminals, and receptor-transfected COS7 cells appear to pass fluorescein (Stokes-Einstein radius, Re = 4.5 A) and norepinephrine (Re < 4 A) (Davletov et al. 1998 Rahman et al. 1999 Volynski et al. 2000), shown in Figure 2 for comparison with 8-hydrated calcium ion (Rc = 4.2 A) and the toxin channel. Analysis of impermeant cations commonly used in channel studies reveals that a-LTX channels are poorly permeable (Hurlbut et al. 1994) to glucosamine H+(Re = 4.6 A) and not significantly permeable (Tse and Tse 1999) to N-methyl-D-glucamine (Re = 5.2 A), thus limiting the pore diameter by 10 A. 

Natarajan K, Datta A (1993) Molecular cloning and analysis of the NAG1 cDNA coding for glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase from Candida albicans. J Biol Chem 268 9206-9214... 

The application of chromatographic techniques to the analysis of mucopolysaccharides has provided a new impetus in the structural study of these substances and has opened up new fields of research. The behavior of glucosamine on ion-exchange resins was early examined by Freudenberg, Walch and Molter71 and the amino sugar has been separated... 

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