Glass Wounds

Ballard Power Systems, in conjunction with the province of British Columbia and the government of Canada, have converted a diesel bus for Vancouver, B.C. Transit (43). This 9.1-m vehicle is powered by a 105-kW fuel cell. Gaseous hydrogen, stored on board the bus in DOT-approved glass-wound composite cylinders operating at 20.7 MPa (3000 psi), provides the necessary fuel requited for the 150-km projected vehicle range. 

Fig.9.17a-d. Complete tear of the superficial branch of the radial nerve by a glass wound, a-c Series of transverse 12-5 MHz US images of the middle third of the forearm obtained a proximal to, b at the level of and c distal to the cut line. In a, note the superficial course of the radial nerve (straight arrow) which runs closely associated with the radial artery (a). In b and c, two adjacent neuromas are found connected with the proximal (white arrowhead) and distal (open arrowhead) stumps of the severed nerve. R, radius, d Photograph shows the cut line (arrow) at the middle third of the forearm. 

Aliphatic isocyanates have a small but growing market application in thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). Medical appflcafions include wound dressings, catheters, implant devices, and blood bags. A security glass system using light-stable TPU as an inner layer is under evaluation for shatterproof automotive windshield appflcafions. 

Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether [1675-54-3] reacts readily with methacrylic acid [71-49-4] in the presence of benzyl dimethyl amine catalyst to produce bisphenol epoxy dimethacrylate resins known commercially as vinyl esters. The resins display beneficial tensile properties that provide enhanced stmctural performance, especially in filament-wound glass-reinforced composites. The resins can be modified extensively to alter properties by extending the diepoxide with bisphenol A, phenol novolak, or carboxyl-terrninated mbbers. 

Characteristic Cast resin Filled resin Glass-reinforced laminate Filament-wound laminate Pultmded profile... 

In colorfastness to acid spotting, ISO 10S-E0S, drops of a solution of either acetic acid (300 g of glacial acetic acid per Hter of water), sulfuric acid (50 g of concentrated acid per Hter), or tartaric acid (100 g of crystalline acid per Hter) are spotted onto the test material, which is then dried and assessed. Colorfastness to alkaH spotting, ISO 10S-E06, is like E05 except that a solution of 100 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate per Hter of water is used. Colorfastness to water spotting, ISO 10S-E07, is like E05 but uses drops of water and assessment is made after 2 min wet and after drying. In colorfastness to hot water, ISO 10S-E08, the textile specimen and adjacents are wound around a glass rod and placed in water adjusted to pH 6 with acetic acid at 70°C... 

Most electroless silver appHcations are for silvering glass or metallizing record masters. Mirror production is the principal usage for electroless silver. The glass support is cleaned, catalyzed using a two-step catalyst, and coated on one side with an opaque silver film (46). Silver-plated nylon cloth is used as a bacteriostatic wound dressing. A tiny current appHed to the cloth causes slow silver dissolution. The silver acts as a bactericide (47). 

An important appHcation is for filament-wound glass-reinforced pipe used in oil fields, chemical plants, water distribution, and as electrical conduits. Low viscosity Hquid systems having good mechanical properties (elongation at break) when cured are preferred. These are usually cured with Hquid anhydride or aromatic-amine hardeners. Similar systems are used for filament-win ding pressure botdes and rocket motor casings. 

For large motors, the practice is to wind the stator with formed coils (Figure 9.2). The coils are pre-formed and cured before insertion into the stator slots. They are insulated with resin-rich glass and mica paper tapes. The process of impregnation is therefore termed resin-rich insulation. The completed formed wound stator is then heated to remove trapped moisture and finally impregnated in varnish class F or H as required, under vacuum and pressure. The stator is then cured in an oven as described above. The process of insulation and curing conforms to powerhouse insulation requirements. This practice facili-... 

These are normally of pure platinum wound on a ceramic or glass former and encapsulated in a ceramic or glass shell, having an operating range of -250°C to +750°C,... 

Property Polyester/ Glass Mat Polyester/ Woven Glass Qoth Epoxy/ Woven Glass Cloth Epoxy/ Filament Wound Glass Rovings... 

Bundle of continuous, untwisted glass fibers. Glass fibers are wound onto a roll called a roving package. ... 

A filament wound composite cylindrical pressure vessel has a diameter of 1200 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm. It is made up of 10 plies of continuous glass fibres in a polyester resin. The anangement of the plies is [O3/6O/ — 60],. Calculate the axial and hoop strain in the cylinder when an internal pressure of 3 MN/m is applied. The properties of the individual plies are... 

Winde,/. windlass, winch jack hoist worm (screw) bindweed (Glass) stria, winden, v.t. wind, coil, reel, roll, twist. — v.r. wind, coil, wriggle. —fgewimden, p.a. wound, coiled, rolled, twisted, spiral. 

To further reduce weight and improve energy density, several companies are developing thin lead film electrodes in a spiral-wound construction with glass fiber separators. Already on the market for cordless electric tools, this battery technology may eventually be used in electric vehicles. 

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