Isotopic analysis, glass

Glass beads from central California, lead isotope analysis by LA-TOF-ICP-MS, 305-307/... 

Because of the widespread use of lead in the metallurgical refining of brasses and bronzes and in the manufacture of glasses and glazes, there is nearly always enough lead in these products for an isotopic analysis without using inordinate amounts of sample. Most such materials contain from 0.1 to as much as 20% or more lead, and a modem mass spectrometric isotopic analysis requires approximately 1 fig of lead. This requirement may even be reduced to 1 ng or less if extreme cleanliness is practiced in the chemical processing and subsequent analysis. 

Kanda, J., Sada, K., Koike, 1., and Yokouchi, K. (1998). Application of an automated carbon-nitrogen analyzer for elemental and isotopic analysis of samples retained on glass-fiber filters. Int.J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 72, 163-171. 

The difference in the adsorption isotherms of isotopic molecules has long been known and it has been used for isotope separation and isotope analysis. For example, deuterium gas exhibits an enrichment factor of 40 ( ) at 20 K on silica gel, but the enrichment factor decreases steeply with increasing temperature (Krumbiegel 1970). Another example is the behavior of CH4/CD4 system in a capillary column with activated glass surface at 153 K the retention time of CH4 is larger than that of CD4, at 130 K they are equal to each other and at lower temperatures CH4 leaves earlier the column than CD4 (Bruner et al. 1966). Similarly to the gas-solid chromatographic separations, gas-liquid separation techniques have also been widely used for isotopic separation and for rapid and convenient analysis of mixtures of... 

Pb isotopic analysis of ancient and art nouveau glass samples Nd YAG 213 nm ICP-SF-MS Spatially resolved Pb isotopic analysis of glass samples Schultheis et al. [98]... 

Schultheis, G., Prohaska, T, Stingeder, G., Dietrich, K., Jembrih-Simbtirger, D., Schreiner, M. (2004) Characterisation of ancient and art nouveau glass samples by Pb isotopic analysis using laser ablation coupled to a magnetic sector fleld inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (LA-ICP-SF-MS). Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry, 19,838-843. 

Brill, R.H. and Fullagar, P.D. (2006) Strontium isotope analysis of historical glasses and some related materials a progress report. Presented at the 17th International Conference of the Association Internationale de I Histoire de Verre, 4-8 September 2006, Antwerp. 

On a different topic, Sjastad et al. evaluated the potential of Pb isotopic analysis in glass by means of MC-ICP-MS [16]. They explained that glass is a typical form of material evidence in criminal cases as it breaks easily, and forensic scientists often try to establish a link between glass fragments collected at the crime scene and those collected from a suspect. The authors demonstrated that Pb isotopic analysis can help signiflcantly in this context. 

It has been reported that exchange of protons activated by enolization can be performed directly in a glass inlet system of the mass spectrometer prior to analysis by heating the sample at about 200° with deuterium oxide vapor for a few minutes. " Exchange has been observed with 2-, 3-, 6-, 11- and 17-keto steroids, but the resulting isotopic purity is usually poor,... 

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