Gland, pump

In preliminary process design, the primary consideration is contact by inhalation. This happens either through accidental release of toxic material to the atmosphere or the fugitive emissions caused by slow leakage from pipe flanges, valve glands, pump and compressor seals. Tank filling also causes emissions when the rise in liquid level causes vapor in the tank to be released to atmosphere, as discussed in Chapter 25. 

It didn t take Selye long to uncover exactly what was going on. Under stress, the adrenal gland pumped out adrenaline and cortisol, which then caused the physical symptoms. And this happened not only in rats but also in humans. Stress, it seemed, could raise our blood pressure, make us sweat, and force our hearts to beat faster. If we had underlying heart disease, it could even kill us. But could was Selye s key word. Stress didn t have to have negative effects on our bodies — not if we could adapt ourselves to it. The way in which we handled an adverse situation, not the situation itself, was critical. And this is where... 

Material transfer requires pipework, valves, pumps, and compressors. Fugitive emissions occur from pipe flanges, valve glands, and pump and compressor seals. 

The guarded hot-plate method can be modified to perform dry and wet heat transfer testing (sweating skin model). Some plates contain simulated sweat glands and use a pumping mechanism to deUver water to the plate surface. Thermal comfort properties that can be deterrnined from this test are do, permeabihty index (/ ), and comfort limits. PermeabiUty index indicates moisture—heat permeabiUty through the fabric on a scale of 0 (completely impermeable) to 1 (completely permeable). This parameter indicates the effect of skin moisture on heat loss. Comfort limits are the predicted metaboHc activity levels that may be sustained while maintaining body thermal comfort in the test environment. 

When reading an accident report, look for the things that are not said. For example, a gland leak on a liquefied flammable gas pump caught fire and caused considerable damage. The report drew atten-... 

Pump packings should be selected for their ability to compress. When gland pressure is applied, the packing should react quickly to detain the leakage and not damage (score) the shaft or sleeve. 

Too many gland adjustments will cause the packing to crystallize and burn, which will shorten the packings useful life and damage the shaft or pump sleeve. 

Stage two is when the paeking gland has been tightened and the paeking eompresses. The spaee oeeupied in the pump is redueed. 

Figure 13-17 shows a balanced, single, rotary dement seal mounted onto the pump shaft, pressed against the stationary face and gland, mounted in the seal chamber. Note the individual component parts of the rotary element. 

The seal gland plate is an item that is eaught in-between the pump vendor and the seal vendor. The pump vendors ean furnish good, reasonably prieed... 

Feakage of liquids transferred under pressure, e.g. from flange joints, pump glands... 

Pump Casing Impeller Pump Frome Split Gland Shot ... 

Lantern Gland Stuffing Box Gland Figure 3-17. Packed stuffing box. (Courtesy Dean Brothers Pumps, Inc.)... 

Adiabatic Shaft Efficiency. The adiabatic and polytropic efficiencies do not include the losses of packing glands, oil pump, journal bearings, thrust bearings, etc. To account... 

As in the compressed packing gland, lubrication also must be provided in mechanical seals. The sealing area surfaces should be lubricated and cooled with pumped fluid (if it is clean enough) or an outside source of clean fluid. However, much less lubrication is required with this type of seal because the frictional surface area is smaller... 

This procedure provides detailed instructions on how to repack centrifugal pump packed stuffing boxes or glands. The methodology described here is applicable to other gland sealed units such as valves and reciprocating machinery. 

The following is a list of the tools needed to repack a centrifugal pump gland ... 

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