Geotechnical maps

Key words Geotechnical mapping, Environment-facility Binary system, Continuous engineering... 

The traditional geotechnical survey is characterized by discrete information. It means that old survey methods cannot provide comprehensive data on the geological structure, substance composition and properties of the whole pipeline route. This principle is not observed in all the three main gas pipeline cases. The technical documentation of the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline, the South-Caucasus Pipeline system, and particularly of the North-South Caucasus Gas Pipeline does not include longitudinal geotechnical profiles of the route and the pipeline corridor in the geotechnical maps. Trial pits and boreholes that are arranged approximately 1,5-... 

Such preliminary surveys should take into consideration the geotechnical mapping of the construction area as well. At this stage the construction cost would be determined with a total inaccuracy of 15-25%. 

The territories for the geotechnical mapping are to be selected in consideration of the geological events formation, their development and the localization zones that affect the construction in particular areas. 

The location and type of seismic sources to be used for design shall be established based on approved geotechnical data (e.g., most recent mapping of active faults by the United States Geological Survey or the California Division of Mines and Geology. 

Thematic geological maps tailored for engineering purposes with pertinent information on lithological properties are essential. These geotechnical features that should be displayed are, for instance, general foundation suitability of dilferent terrain for preliminary assessment on suitability for foundation work and relative compressibUity/settlement of different terrain. 

Tavares, A. O. 2004. Geotechnical and natural hazard mapping on urban and outer urban planning . Proceedings... 

A desk study is undertaken as the first stage of a site investigation in order to make an initial assessment of the ground conditions and to identify, if possible, any potential geotechnical problems (Herbert et al., 1987). In other words, the objective of a desk study is to examine available archival records, literature, maps, imagery and photographs relevant to the area or... 

Different approaches have been developed to produce landslide susceptibility maps, and they can be grouped into four categories (Guzzetti et al., 1999, Dai et al., 2002), namely analysis of landslide inventories, heuristic or index approach, statistical approach and geotechnical approach. Nevertheless, the statistical approach is considered to be more suitable for landslide susceptibihty mapping over large and complex areas (Guzzetti et al., 2006). 

M1 Samples preparation Orthogonal design and normalization of geotechnical parameters within parametric domain need to be implemented. The map from parameters to deformation need to be created via forward FEM calculation. It is presented in step 1 and 2. M2 Configuration of neural network One hidden layer and four hidden neurons were set up. Three input neurons and two output neurons were set up, which is subject to the number of displacement observation nodes and parameters to be inversed. In this case, the three input neurons are the detected deformations of three groups, and the two output neurons are the unloading modulus of clay and sand layers of the slope. 

In Spain, the first two weeks are devoted to the feasibility project with the preparation of an engineering geological map of an area, the assessment of the geotechnical properties of the rock and soil units distinguished and the predictions of geo-hazards related to the feasibility projects. The first three days are reserved for a geological excursion to introduce the fieldwork area and instructions on field classification of soil and rock masses. Then, students survey and explore their allocated fieldwork area. They record observations relevant to the theme of their... 

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