Geochemical soils

Regional geochemical soil data as aid to the reconstruction of Mid-Pleistocene ice flows across central and eastern England... 

Regional geochemical soil data can provide vital information on the composition and provenance of glacigenic till deposits in Central and Eastern England. 

This S—A method has already been applied in environmental studies on a regional basis by Lima et al. (2003) and Lima (2008), while at urban scale it has been applied by Cicchella et al. (2005) and De Vivo et al. (2006), as specified above. In Fig. 8.6, the baseline geochemical soil maps of Pb, Hg, Se, Tl, V and Zn, representing the... 

Selective leach techniques have become popular in mineral exploration for the treatment of geochemical soil samples. Their popularity stems from the fact that they are considered to extract selectively a particular hydromorphically-transported component of metals in the sample and, as such, show better anomaly-to-background contrasts than do conventional strong acid digestions which dissolve most of the chemical matrix of the soil. 

During the weathering process, elements can disperse from source mineralisation by a variety of chemical processes. For reasons discussed below, electrochemical processes are increasingly thought to be the primary transport mechanism in environments of thick, young, exotic (i.e., transported) overburden. They are also likely to operate in other environments but their dominance as a transport mechanism is less certain. This chapter presents the principles behind electrochemical masj transport and discusses the role of natural geoelectrochemical processes in the formation of selective leach and conventional geochemical soil anomalies. 

The geochemical soil gas data exhibit clearly defined compositional sub-populations which match the composition of the underlying reservoirs and change in direct response to the major structural and/or stratigraphic features that control the location of the subsurface reservoirs. Predictions of oil versus gas from these soil gas data are in... 

Iodine concentrations in foods and total diets are extremely variable depending on geochemical, soil and cultural conditions that influence the iodine uptake of staple crops and foods of animal origin. The iodine content of food ultimately depends on the concentration of iodine in the soil of the region in which the food is produced. Thus, in... 

Grunwald, S., K. R. Reddy, J. P. Prenger, and M. M. Fisher. 2007a. Modeling of the spatial variability of bio-geochemical soil properties in a freshwater ecosystem. Ecol. Model. 210 521-535. 

Gueniot B, Munier-Lamy C, Berthelin J (1988b) Geochemical behavior of Uranium in soils, part 11 Distribution of uranium in hydromorphic soils and soil sequences. Application for suificial prospecting. J Geochem Explor 31 39-55... 

Table 20.4 presents the partition and transformation processes known to occur in the near-surface environment along with the special factors that should be considered when evaluating data in the context of the deep-well environment. Geochemical processes affecting hazardous wastes in deep-well environments have been studied much less than those occurring in near-surface environments (such as soils and shallow aquifers). Consequently, laboratory data and field studies for a particular substance may be available for near-surface conditions, but not for deep-well conditions. 

Ottaway, J. H. and M. R. Mathews (1988), Trace element analysis of soil samples from a stratified archaeological site, Environ. Geochem. Health 10,105-112. 

Chaney RL, Mielke HW, Sterret SB. 1989. Speciation, mobility and bioavailability of soil lead. Environ Geochem Health 9 105-129. 

The behavior of technetium in soils is important from an ecological viewpoint, but is quite complicated and depends on many factors. Stalmans et al. [27] stated that it is ruled by a combination of chemical, physicochemical and biological factors and understanding of it is needed on two main accounts bioavailability and geochemical mobility . They also noticed that organic matter in soils and sediments play a significant role as a geochemical sink for technetium. 

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