Hydromorphic soil

Gueniot B, Munier-Lamy C, Berthelin J (1988b) Geochemical behavior of Uranium in soils, part 11 Distribution of uranium in hydromorphic soils and soil sequences. Application for suificial prospecting. J Geochem Explor 31 39-55... 

Kovda, V. A. (1973). Hydromorphic soils of Mediterranean and Tropic areas. In Pseudoglay and Glay. Weinheim Verl. Chem., pp. 379-382. 

Brinkman R. 1970. Ferrolysis, a hydromorphic soil forming process. Geoderma 3 199-206. 

Brinkman R. 1977a. Problem hydromorphic soils in north-east Thailand. 2. Physical and chemical aspects, mineralogy and genesis. Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science 25 170-180. 

Fig. 16.9 Electron micrographs of soil lepidocro-cite. a) Large multidomainic lath-like crystal viewed perpendicularto [001] with laminar pores from a re-doximorphic soil, Natal, South Africa, b) Poorly crystalline grassy lepidocrocite crystals mixed with tiny ferrihydrite particles and pseudo-hexagonal kaolinite platelets. Origin as before (a. b courtesy P. Self), c) Small lepidocrocite crystal from a hydromorphic soil (with ferrihydrite) viewed perpendicularto [001] and showing (020) lattice fringes (see also Schwert-mann. Taylor, 1989,with permission).

Bourrie, G. Trolard, F. Jaffrezic, J.-M. R.G.-A. Maitre,V. Abdelmoula, M. (1999) Iron control by equilibria between hydroxy-Green Rusts and solutions in hydromorphic soils. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 63 3417-3427 Bousse, L. Meindl, J.D. (1986) The importance of > /o/pH characteristics in the theory of the oxide/electrolyte interface. In Davis, J.A. Hayes, KF. (eds.) Geochemical processes... 

G6nin, J.-M.R., Bourne, G., Trolard, F. el al. (1998) Thermodynamic equilibria in aqueous suspensions of synthetic and natural Fe(II)-Fe(III) green rusts occurrences of the mineral in hydromorphic soils. Environmental Science and Technology, 32(8), 1058-68. 

Formed under anaerobic and poorly drained conditions (e.g., hydromorphic soils) where the accumulation of undecomposed litter (e.g., moss, sphagnum) is important like in marsh, swamp, and peat bogs. 

Physico-chemical processes. The phenomenon of capillarity can ensure the ascending displacement of solutions saturated with salts into upper horizons with further precipitation of the inorganic salts. This effect occurs under various conditions. Under semi-arid or desert climates, sodium-rich solutions (e.g., NaCl, Na CO,) form superficial encrustations and efflorescences. Under tropical climates, when the transition from the humid to dry season occurs the ascension of calcium bicarbonate occurs. Finally, in hydromorphic soils, the capillary ascension of ferrous iron in the upper horizon leads to its oxidation by air and precipitation of ferric oxides as concretions. 

Fougerite (Green rust) (Fe(II), Mg),Fe(III)2(OH)is 4H2O Trigonal Bluish gray 2.5 Strongly hydromorphic soils... 

M. Abdelmoula, E. Trolard, G. Bourrie, J.M.R. Genin, Evidence of Fe(II)-Fe(III) Green rust Fougerite mineral occurrence in hydromorphic soil and its transformation with depth. Hyp. Interact. 112, 235-238 (1998)... 

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