Genistein structure

At least seven other bases have been mentioned as present in the mother liquors from the manufacture of Z-sparteine sulphate. Valeur found two, sarothamnine and genisteine, of which Winterfeld and Nitzsche have confirmed genisteine and have themselves added four more, two, thought to be structural and two, optical isomerides of sparteine, with a fifth substance of higher boiling point. 

A few computational studies focus on the saturated analog of 4//-l,4-oxazine, i.e., morpholine [98JCS(P2)1223, 00JCS(P2)1619, 00TL5077]. These cover the structure of lithium morpholide, cycloaddition reactions, and molecular complexes with genistein. 

KULLING s E, ROSENBERG B, JACOBS E, METZLER M (1999) The phytoestrogens coumestrol and genistein induce structural and chromosomal aberrations in cultured human peripheral blood lympocytes. Arch Toxicol. Ti 50-54. 

Figure 3 Structures of daidzein, liquiritigenin, naringenin, couniestrol, genistein, and isoiiquiritigenin, the substances identified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Biosynthetic relationships of compounds are indicated. (From Ref. 13.)...

Fig. 2.86. Chemical structures of the iosflavones daidzein, genistein, O-desmethylangolensin, equol, and the lignans enterolactone and enterodiol. Reprinted with permission from Z. Kuklenyik el al. [209].

Figure 7. Superimposition of the crystai structures of the catalytic domains of ERfS, PPARy, and FXR, each with bound iigand. ERp with genistein (blue), PPARy with rosiglitazone (red), and FXR with iigand E (Figure 8) (yellow).

FIGURE 7.2 Chemical structures of the main soy (genistein and daidzein) and red clover (biochanin A and formononetin) isoflavonoids (aglycones and glucosides). 

FIGURE 8.6 Structure of the phytoalexin isoflavonoid pterocarpans, maackianin, and pisatin from garden pea, and the isoflavones daidzein and genistein from soybean. 

As previously mentioned, certain flavonoids can penetrate into the hydrophobic core of membranes, a feature that mainly relies on their hydrophobic character, which is dictated by flavanoid chemical structure and spatial conformation. When flavonoid hydrophobicity was assessed from the partition coefficient between ra-octanol and an aqueous solution, the following order of hydrophobicity was observed flavone, genistein > eriodictyol, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, hesperetin, daidzein > > galangin, morin, flavanone, naringenin, taxifolin (Table 4.1). 

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