Genetic variations and

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Pharmacokinetic modeling, 208 Pharmacokinetics (PK), 99, 211 Pharmacologic agents, variation in response to, 43 Pharmacologic research, 31 Pharmacology, genetic variation and, 36-38... 

Pollen allelopathy can find utilization in field cultivations that could contain pollen of allelopathic crops or weeds. Pollen allelopathy could be an effective method for annual weed control that reproduce, at least in part, via wind pollination and flower concurrently with the allelopathic species. The effects of allelopathy should result in the loss of genetic variation and so in reduction of reproductive ability, but some plants are probably able to detoxify the pollen allelochemicals (Murphy and Aarssen 1995a, b). Murphy and Aarssen (1989) suggested possible delaying of weed flowering at later, less favorable times of the season or diurnal period, so decrease in weed pressure. However, infestation by perennial weeds can worsen due to compensation of pollen allelopathy through increase in the formation of rhizomes. 

These specific examples of evolution are relatively straightforward and interpretable. However, the evolution of special chemicals and their biological interactions is more complex and may take place over millions of years rather than only a few decades. Such developments are rarely understood in detail, but despite the greater complexity evolution here also proceeds by way of repeated genetic variation and natural selection. Some striking examples appear in the chapters that follow. 

Our own data may summarized as follows. To benchmark the mining our method and also to provide access to information of medical interest, study focused on a subset of 500 human genes, called disease-associated genes, because experimental data on genetic variation and trait associa-... 

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Cacabelos, R., Fernandez-Novoa, L., Lombardi, V., Takeda, M. (2003) Genetic variation and pharmacogenomics in Alzheimer disease. Psychiat. Neurol. Jpn., 105, 47-67. 

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True HE, Lindquist SL (2000) A yeast prion provides a mechanism for genetic variation and phenotypic... 

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