Gene transformation

A single gene transformation crtB from Erwinia) was sufficient to increase carotenoid levels some 50-fold in seeds of canola (Brassica napus), which already contains low levels of carotenoids (Shewmaker et ah, 1999). This is the most spectacular increase in carotenoid levels of any plant to date. 

Wu GY, Wu CH (1987) Receptor-mediated in vitro gene transformation by a soluble DNA carrier system. J Biol Chem 262 4429 1432... 

Savarit F. and Ferveur J. F. (2002) Genetic study of the production of sexually dimorphic cuticular hydrocarbons in relation with the sex-determination gene transformer in Drosophila melanogaster. Genet. Res. 79, 23 10. 

Handler A. M. (2001) A current perspective on insect gene transformation. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 31, 111-128. 

Examples of the products that can be obtained through the processes include DNA vectors, such as plasmids, viruses, bacteriophages and cosmids synthetic genes transformed human viruses (e.g. the Epstein-Barr virus) transformed bacterial cells containing specific properties animal and plant cells and bacteria mAbs, tissue cells regulatory proteins such as human insulin, interferons and human growth hormones and transgenic plants and animals. 

Kaushal, G., Trombetta, L., Ochs, R. S., and Shao, J. (2006), Delivery of TEM beta-lactamase by gene-transformed Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis through cervical cell monolayer, Int. J. Pharm., 313, 29-35. 

The phenolic compounds shown to reduce aflatoxin production in response to oxidative stress have potential as tools to investigate functional elucidation of the genes involved but this is limited by the absence of a practical gene transformation system. In the absence of a direct approach with A flavus, use can be made of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, for which numerous stress response pathways have been characterized [34]. Selected 5. cerevisiae strains, including mutants with single gene deletions, have been used as a model to evaluate phenotypic response to oxidative stress induced by H2O2 [35]. 

Fig. 4. Restriction maps showing RFLP variation in the inverted repeat region of recipient and donor strains used for rRNA gene transformation. Relative positions of streptomycin (sr), spectinomycin (spr) and erythromycin (er) mutations In the 16 and 23 genes within the 7 kb Bam 11 insert used for transformation are shown. Restriction sites for Bam HI (B), Eco Rl (E),...

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