Imprinting, gene

DNA methylation negatively affects gene expression and is thus important in the control of development, cellular proliferation, differentiation, malignant transformation, and gene imprinting in mammals and plants. 

Choi, Y., Gehring, M., Johnson, L., Hannon, M., Harada,J.J., Goldberg, R. B., Jacobsen, S. E., and Fischer, R. L. (2002). DEMETER, a DNA glycosylase domain protein, is required for endosperm gene imprinting and seed viability in arabidopsis. Cell 110, 33-42. 

Imprinted genes and the coordination of fetal and postnatal growth in mammals... 

Imprinted genes are shown in bold pl5, postnatal day 15 p5, postnatal day 5. (Adapted from Efstratiadis 1998.)... 

On the other hand, of the 45 or so imprinted genes that have been identified so far, seven have been shown by genetic analysis to have an effect on fetal growth as judged by altered birth weights of pups (Table 2). 

Finally, most of the imprinted genes known to date are expressed and imprinted in the placenta. Other imprinted genes are exclusively imprinted in the placenta but not in the fetus, and these may have a role specifically in placental growth or development (Engemann et al 2000). 

Caspary T, Cleary MA, Perlman EJ, Zhang P, Elledge SJ, Tilghman SM 1999 Oppositely imprinted genes p57(Kip2) and Igf2 interact in a mouse model for Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. Genes Dev 13 3115-3124... 

Cattanach BM, Peters J, Ball S, Rasberry C 2000 Two imprinted gene mutations three phenotypes. Hum Mol Genet 9 2263-2273... 

Guillemot F, Caspary T, Tilghman SM et al 1995 Genomic imprinting of Mash2, a mouse gene required for trophoblast development. Nat Genet 9 235—242 Hao Y, Crenshaw T, Moulton T, Newcomb E, Tycko B 1993 Tumour-suppressor activity of H19 RNA. Nature 365 764-767... 

Itier JM, Tremp GL, Leonard JF et al 1998 Imprinted gene in postnatal growth role. Nature... 

Lefebvre L, Viville S, Barton SC, Ishino F, Keverne EB, Surani MA 1998 Abnormal maternal behaviour and growth retardation associated with loss of the imprinted gene Mest. Nat Genet 20 163-169... 

Ripoche MA, Kress C, Poirier F, Dandolo L 1997 Deletion of the HI 9 transcription unit reveals the existence of a putative imprinting control element. Genes Dev 11 1596-1604... 

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