Imprinting, genomic

Guillemot F, Caspary T, Tilghman SM et al 1995 Genomic imprinting of Mash2, a mouse gene required for trophoblast development. Nat Genet 9 235—242 Hao Y, Crenshaw T, Moulton T, Newcomb E, Tycko B 1993 Tumour-suppressor activity of H19 RNA. Nature 365 764-767... 

Moore T, Haig D 1991 Genomic imprinting in mammalian development a parental tug-of-war. Trends Genet 7 45-49... 

Feinberg AP. DNA methylation, genomic imprinting and cancer. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2000 249 87-99. 

Genomic imprinting is a factor that influences how some genetic conditions are inherited. 

People inherit two copies of their genes — one from their mother and one from their father. Usually both copies of each gene are active, or "turned on," in cells. In some cases, however, only one of the two copies is normally turned on. Which copy is active depends on the parent of origin some genes are normally active only when they are inherited from a person s father others are active only when inherited from a person s mother. This phenomenon is known as genomic imprinting. 

In many cases, UPD likely has no effect on health or development. Because most genes are not imprinted, it doesn t matter if a person inherits both copies from one parent instead of one copy from each parent. In some cases, however, it does make a difference whether a gene is inherited from a person s mother or father. A person with UPD may lack any active copies of essential genes that undergo genomic imprinting. This loss of gene function can lead to delayed development, mental retardation, or other medical problems. 

DNA methylation is an essential function in normal mammalian cells. It is involved in genomic imprinting (restriction of the expression of a gene to only one of the... 

D. Genomic imprinting is a complex phenomenon by which expression of an allele differs depending on whether it is inherited from the mother or the father. 

Brannen, C.I. and Bartolomei, M.S. (1999) Mechanisms of genomic imprinting. Curr Opin Genet Dev 9 164-170. 

Cassidy, S.B. and Schwartz, S. (1998) Prader-Willi and Angelman syndromes disorders of genomic imprinting. Medicine 77 140-151. 

Everman, D.B. and Cassidy, S.B. (2000) Genetics of childhood disorders XII. Genomic imprinting breaking the rules. / Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39 386-389. 

Genomic imprinting is the mechanism by, which only one of the two parental gene copies either maternal or paternal—is expressed. Modifications in DNA and histones are the marks of genomic imprinting. There are about 50 known imprinted genes in the human genome (64). For example, the... 

Lee J, Inoue K, Ono R, Ogonuki N, Kohda T, Kaneko-Ishino T, Ogura A, Ishino F. Erasing genomic imprinting memory in mouse clone embryos produced from day 11.5 primordial germ cells. Development 2002 129 1807— 1817. 

Several human diseases are linked to imprinted genes. Genomic imprinting has also been demonstrated in transgenic mice. For example, transgenic mice with the gene for... 

J. G. Hall. Genomic imprinting nature and clinical relevance. Annu Rev Med, 48, 35-44, 1997. 

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