Gastrulation

Webster, W.S., Gemain, M.A., Edwards, M.J. (1985). The induction of microphthalmia, encephalo-cele, and other heat defects following hypothermia during the gastrulation process in the rat Teratology 31, 73-82. 

In addition, SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling is important in gastrulation (Nair and Schilling 2008). Thus, it is likely that CXCR4 signaling plays a central role in stem cell function from very early in development. 

Nair S, Schilling TF (2008) Chemokine signaling controls endodermal migration during zebrafish gastrulation. Science 322 89-92... 

Ginsburg, M., Snow, M. H. L., and McLaren, A. (1990). Primordial germ cells in the mouse embryo during gastrulation. Development 110 521-528. 

Growth at the level of the organism is an increase in cell number, cell mass, extracellular mass, fluid content and other components of the body that result in an increase of body mass. The mammalian body has very different growth phases with different functions. The pre-implantation embryo does not grow, but only divides, fuelled by materials that were deposited in the egg before fertilization. After implantation there is very rapid cell division which is tightly coupled to cell differentiation in the process of gastrulation — the creation of the different lineages... 

Mailer There is no decrease in p27 at the MBT. Comparing wild-type and mutant Xicl degradation would be a reasonable experiment to do. But p27 actually goes up dramatically during gastrulation. 

When embryos treated as described above were left to develop, they reached the onset of gastrulation with no visible changes in morphology compared to untreated embryos. However, as they reached stage 10.5, the embryos underwent rapid and synchronous apoptosis. This rapid cell death had striking morphological characteristics individual cells from the embryo lost their cohesion and adhesiveness and rapidly lysed so that few or no intact cells were found in each embryo 20 minutes following the onset of apoptosis (Fig. IB). 

FIG. 2. Schematic representation of the switch from a maternal to a zygotic programme taking place in Xenopus between the MBT and the onset of gastrulation. This switch has been shown to operate for cell cycle regulators such as cyclin E and MCM proteins. We propose that maternal regulator(s) of apoptosis such as X-IAP 1 are also expressed in this kind of pattern and could explain the apoptotic program we have uncovered. 

Hensey C, Gautier J 1997 A developmental timer that regulates apoptosis at the onset of gastrulation. Mech Dev 69 183—195... 

Fig. 7.1.7. Control eggs before (a) and after (b) gastrulation, as well as control larva of the...

H1/H5 Hholp Hisl.1-3 Hl.l-5/Hl° Canonical Successively replace germline-specific histones during gastrulation and specification RD/RI ... 

DNMT3a and DNMT3b double ES mutants exhibit no de novo methylase activity double-mutant mice fail to develop beyond gastrulation. This observation, taken together with the ability of single mutants to support de novo methylation, show redundancy between the two genes. 

No prenatal food imprinting maternal diet from gastrulation stage on had no effect on preferences by neonate Th. sirtalis (Burghardt, 1971)... 

Acampora, D., Mazan, S., Lallemand, Y, Avantaggiato, V., Maury, M., Simeone, A., and Brulet, P. (1995) Forebrain and midbrain regions are deleted in Otx2 mutants due to a defective anterior neuroectoderm specification during gastrulation. Development 121 3279-3290. 

Normal development through gastrulation, but larvae 4, 18 developed abnormally (no dorsoventral symmetry)... 

Gastrulation The process in embryonic development of an organism by which a blastula becomes a diploblastic structure or gastrula. 

Development of the vertebrate central nervous systems is initiated during gastrulation through an... 

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