Gasification of wood

Table 19. Product Gases from Steam Gasification of Wood...

The properties needed are taken from Reference [28] for consistency and are given in Table 9.4. The heat of gasification of wood is approximated since it is unsteady and charring. 

Hauserman, W.B. and Timpe, R.C. (1992). Catalytic Gasification of Wood for Hydrogen and Methane Production. Energy Environmental Research Center, University of North Dakotaipp. 1-38. 

Guo, J. Pyrolysis of wood powder and gasification of wood-derived char,... 

Dasappa S., Paul P.J., Mukunda H.S., and Shrinivasa U., The Gasification of Wood-Char Spheres in CO2-N2 Mixtures Analysis and Experiments ,... 

Gasification of wood has a potential to replace about 1% of the total petroleum consumption of Ontario. 

C. Fredriksson, Exploratory experimental and theoretical studies of cyclone gasification of wood powder. Doctoral Thesis, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, 2003. 

During World War II in Germany, automobiles were fueled by the gases produced from thermal decomposition of wood and research is ongoing today on the more efficient gasification of wood. Destructive distillation has been used throughout most recorded history to obtain turpentine from pinewood, as discussed later in the chapter. 

Experience with biomass gasification, however, has been limited to heat and power generation. In the United States, the DOE helped to test gasification of wood, coupled with electricity generation, at a power plant in Vermont, successfully demonstrating this technology at the 200-ton-per-day (5-MW) scale.13... 

TABLE 9.6 Laboratory-Scale Results for Catalyzed Steam Gasification of Wood Reaction conditions... 

Steam gasification of wood char and the effect of hydrogen inhihition on the chemical kinetics... 

Capart, R. Gelus, M. (1988). A volumetric mathematical model for steam gasification of wood char at atmospheric pressure, Energy from Biomass 4. Proceedings of the 3rd comractors meeting, Paestum, 25-27 May, pp. 580-583. 

Koss, L.I, Walker, L.P. (1988). An iterative kinetic model for the updraft gasification of wood, The 8 Miami International Conference on Alternative Energy Sources. 

Barrio, M., Gpbel, B, Risnes, H., Henriksen, U., Hustad, J.E. Sprensen, L.H, Steam gasification of wood char and the effect of hydrogen inhibition on the chemical kinetics. This conference. 

Experiments have been performed of gasification of wood pellets. The feeding rate was about 5 kg/h, giving an effect of 30 kW. The amount of air supplied to the reactor has been varied in the experiments, in addition to the location of the supply. The fuel gas composition has been measured with a GC. The amount of product gas obtained is about 12.5 Nm /h and has a heating value of 4.9 MJ/Nm. From these data, the power produced by the gas engine is expected to be about 5 kW . 

Von Scala C., Stiuis R., Stuck S. (1996) The influence of heavy metals on the gasification of wood. In Biomass for energy and the environment (Ed by P. Chartier, G.L. Ferrero, U.M. Henius, S. Hultberg, J. Sachau, M. Wiinblad), pp 1388-1391, Elsevier Science Limited, Oxford. 

Von Scala C., Siruis R., Stucki S. (1997) The influence of chlorine on the gasification of wood. In Making a business from Biomass in Energy. Environment, Chemicals, Fibres and Materials ( by R.P. Overend E. Chomet), pp 415-421, Elsevier Science Limited, Oxford. 

Buy Tien (1996) - Gasification of Wood A Multi-Stage Approach. PhD Thesis, Asian Institute of Technology. Bangkok, Thailand, 113 p. 

Derivation (1) By high-pressure catalytic synthesis from carbon monoxide and hydrogen (2) partial oxidation of natural gas hydrocarbons (3) several processes for making methanol by gasification of wood, peat, and lignite have been developed but have not yet proved out commercially (4) from methane with molybdenum catalyst (experimental). 

The fuel gas produced from the devolatization and gasification of wood exits the gasifier at 120°C to 650°C depending on the moisture content of the feedstock. The exit gas contains tars and oils as well as the combustible CO, H2 and CH4 gaseous components. Typical gas analyses for air blown gasification of wood are given in Table I. 

Synthesis Gas Production. As a preparatory step towards Chemicals production from the gasification of wood, a series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the processing sequence required in the production of synthesis gas. Four key items were reviewed,... 

The removal of oxygen as carbon dioxide is desirable, but the formation of carbon monoxide is inefficient and, therefore, undesirable. When methane is not the major product some oxygen must also be removed in the form of water, but this mode must not be excessive as it would lead to hydrogen depletion of the products and encourage char formation. In the absence of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from other sources, the gasification of wood for the production of these gases is costly and should be avoided. 

In 1953, Lewis, Gilliland and Hipkin (5) investigated the rate of gasification of wood charcoal catalyzed with potassium carbonate (10% by weight) at 650°C. The reaction rates at 650°C with the catalyst were approximately equal to the non-catalyzed rates at 870°C. 

Cox and co-workers (7, 8, 9) catalyzed the gasification of wood, coal, paper, sludge, manure and municipal refuse with potassium carbonate. They found that alkali carbonates promoted the steam-carbon and steam-hydrocarbon reactions and concluded ... 

The first step towards gasification of wood after it has been introduced into the gasifier, is drying (1Q0-200°C),... 

Work on the gasification of wood and agricultural residues is performed by different private companies making gas generators (Table I,c.). 

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