Gasification steam

Steam gasification Organic materials are treated with super-heated steam under reducing conditions to produce simple organic molecules. Also known as reformation. 

---

Steam Active Reforming Steam-blowing process Steam ejectors Steam explosion Steam gasification Steam generator... 

Table 19. Product Gases from Steam Gasification of Wood...

The second category of coal Hquefaction iavolves those processes which first generate synthesis gas, a mixture of CO and by steam gasification of coal... 

Akzo Nobel steam gasification process (Netherlands) ... 

Table 2 Inputs and outputs for 40% PVC/25% inorganic fillers waste processing in the Akzo Nobel steam gasification process per tonne of PVC ...

Y.W. Jang, Steam Gasification of Bituminous Coal in a Bench-Scale Internally Circulating Fluidized Bed, MS Thesis, Kunsan National University, Korea, 2002. 

Steam gasification and combustion kinetics of gingko nut shell in a Thermobalance Reactor... 

The shrinking core and the volume-reaction models have been examined to interpret the conversion-time data of combustion and steam gasification of the gingko nut shell char [4]. The shrinking core model provides the better agreement with the experimental data. With the shrinking core model, the relationship between [1-(1-X) ] and the reaction time t at 350°C -... 

C for the steam gasification is shown in Fig. 3 where the shrinking core model predicts the experimental data very well. 

Therefore, the steam gasification reaction rate of the gingko nut shell-char can be represented by the following kinetic equation as ... 

The residual fraction of Zn after combustion without steam at 1273 K was about 80 %, meanwhile the residual fraction after pyrolysis was about 30 %. Also at 1423 and 1573 K, the residual fraction of Zn after combustion was greater than in the case of pyrolysis. This was considered that under N2 atmosphere, Zn in coal was released as the compound that should be volatized at each temperature, however under air atmosphere, a part of Zn were oxidized into ZnO (mp 2521 K) which was very stable at high temperature. When the combustion was carried out with additional steam, the residual fraction of Zn was same as the cases in the absence of steam. However, the residual fraction of Zn after steam gasification was about 60 %, greater than the residual fraction after pyrolysis (about 30 %) and smaller than the residual fraction after combustion (about 80 %). This was considered that under steam gasification, a part of Zn, which should be emitted at 1273 K, was oxidized into ZnO by additional steam. 

We compared and discussed about the release behavior of trace metals from coal under the condition of coal combustion, pyrolysis and steam gasification. Under the condition of combustion, the residual fraction of Zn and Sb was grater than in case of pyrolysis and the residual fraction of Se was smaller. Because a part of trace metals in coal was oxidized during combustion. Moreover the release of Se and Sb was promoted when steam existed in atmosphere, and the release of Hg was suppressed. 

The addition of steam to the CH4/C02 feedstock to avoid excessive carbon formation is a widely used technique in practical systems [3]. The resulting C02-steam gasification of methane process can be described by the following chemical equation ... 

Hofbauer, H. Rauch, R. Foscolo, P. Matera, D., Hydrogen rich gas from biomass steam gasification. 1st World Conference on Biomass for Energy and Industry, Sevilla, 2001, pp. 1997-2001. 

Hanaoka, T. Yoshida, T. Fujimoto, S. Kamei, K. Flarada, M. Suzuki, Y. Flatano, FI. Yokoyama, S.-Y. Minowa, T., Flydrogen production from woody biomass by steam gasification using a C02 sorbent. Biomass and Bioenergy 2005,28,63-68. 

Baker, E. Mudge, L. Wilcox, W. A., Catalysis of gas phase reactions in steam gasification of biomass. In Fundamentals of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, Overend, R. P. et al., Ed., Elsevier Applied Science, London, 1985, pp. 1194-1208. 

Baker, E. Mudge, L. Brown, M., Steam gasification of biomass with nickel secondary catalysts. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research 1987, 26, 1335-1339. 

Mudge, L. K. Baker, E. G. Mitchell, D. H. Brown, M. D., Catalytic steam gasification of biomass for methanol and methane production. Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 1985, 107, 88-92. 

Sadaka, S. S., Ghaly, A. E., and Sabbah, M. A., Two Phase Biomass Air-Steam Gasification Model for Fluidized Bed Reactors Part I - Model Development Biomass and Bioenergy, 22, 2002, pp. 439-462. 

Chaudhari, S.T., Ferdous, D., Dalai, A.K, Bej, S.K, Thring, R.W., and Bakhshi, N.N. (2000). Pyrolysis and Steam Gasification of Westvaco Kraft Lignin for the Production of Hydrogen and Medium Btu Gas, Abstracts Progress in Thermochemical Biomass Conversion, Tyrol, Austria, 17-22 September. 

Garcia, L., Sanchez, J.L., Salvador, M.L., Bilbao, R., and Arauzo J. (1996). Hydrogen-rich Gas from Steam Gasification of Biomass Using Coprecipitated Nickel-alumina Catalysts, Bioenergy 96. The Seventh National Bioenergy Conference, pp. 859-865. 

Steam-foaming agents, in mobility control, 73 627-628 Steam gasification defined, 6 829 Steam-generating systems... 

---