G-factors

CCF dependences on the -factor of loaded probe vibrators are shown in Fig.4. For s(l) pulses growth of 2 factor increase CCF maximum amplitude and selectivity. In this case the higher the Q, the longer the pulse duration and the more its periods contribute to the processing. F or q(t) pulses rising of g-factor decrease CCF maximum amplitudes and reduce the selectivity. As q(l) pulse consists of a few first periods only its maximum amplitude depends on Q. the higher the Q, the lower the final pulse amplitude, and therefore, CCF amplitude and selectivity. 

The calculations show that for both considered types of signals the CCF are very sensitive to initial phases of current and reference pulses and difference in their carrier frequencies. The CCF is also sensitive to the g-factor of loaded vibrators of probes and number of periods in the signal. 

In equation (bl. 15.24), r is the vector coimecting the electron spin with the nuclear spin, r is the length of this vector and g and are the g-factor and the Boln- magneton of the nucleus, respectively. The dipolar coupling is purely anisotropic, arising from the spin density of the impaired electron in an orbital of non-... 

It is especially useflil for liquid samples in flat cells, which may extend through tlie entire height of the cavity. In the cylindrical cavity a TEq mode is frequently used because of its fairly high g-factor and the very strong along the sample axis. 

After the signal emerges from the lock-m amplifier it still contains a considerable amount of noise. Most of the noise contributions to the signal can be eliminated by passing the signal tlirough a low-pass filter. The filter tune constant is a measure of the cutoff frequency of the filter. If accurate linewidth and g-factor... 

If the atom has nonzero nuclear spin /tlien F = S + I substitutes for S in equation (Cl.4.49), tire g-factor generalizes to... 

Although in teraetion s between vicinal I 4 atom s arc n om in ally treated as non bonded interactions, triost of the force fields treat these somewhat differently from normal 1 5 and greater non-bonded interactions. HyperCbern allows each of these 1 4 non-bonded interactions to be scaled down by a scale factor < 1.0 with AMBHR or OPI-S. bor HIO+ the electrostatic may be scaled and different param eters rn ay be ti sed for I 4 van dcr Waals interactions, fh e. AMBHR force field, for exam pie, n orrn a lly uses a seal in g factor of 0.5 for both van der Waals an d electrostatic interactions. 

Equimolar Counterdiffusion. Just as unidirectional diffusion through stagnant films represents the situation in an ideally simple gas absorption process, equimolar counterdiffusion prevails as another special case in ideal distillation columns. In this case, the total molar flows and are constant, and the mass balance is given by equation 35. As shown eadier, noj/g factors have to be included in the derivation and the height of the packing is... 

There are a variety of ways to express absolute QRA results. Absolute frequency results are estimates of the statistical likelihood of an accident occurring. Table 3 contains examples of typical statements of absolute frequency estimates. These estimates for complex system failures are usually synthesized using basic equipment failure and operator error data. Depending upon the availability, specificity, and quality of failure data, the estimates may have considerable statistical uncertainty (e.g., factors of 10 or more because of uncertainties in the input data alone). When reporting single-point estimates or best estimates of the expected frequency of rare events (i.e., events not expected to occur within the operating life of a plant), analysts sometimes provide a measure of the sensitivity of the results arising from data uncertainties. 

The g-factors of radicals 101 and 102 are 2.0065 and 2.0059, respectively. The pyrazolylnitroxides have effective magnetic moments at room temperature corresponding to the standard values for one unpaired electron per molecule (1.71 0.05 B.M.). The values of effective magnetic moments of the nitroxyls practically do not change in the temperature range 5-300K. 

The SOC induced orbital magnetic moments / oib as obtained by the SPR- and SOPR-KKR-CPA for the di.sordered alloy. sy.stem bcc-Fe Coi-a are given in Fig. 2. As for the pure elements one finds an enhancement of / oib by the OP-term by around 60 %. This enhancement brings the total theoretical orbital magnetic moment for the alloy in very satisfying agreement with experimental data derived from magneto mechanical as well as spectroscopic g-factor measurements [15]. 

Figure 2 Orbital magnetic moments in bcc-Fe Coi-a . The triangles pointing up-and downwards represent the theoretical moments of Fe and Co, respectively, while the concentration weighted sum is given by circles. Full and open symbols stand for results obtained with and without the OP-term included (SOPR- and SPR-KKR-CPA, resp.). Experimental data [15] for the average magnetic moment (bottom) stemming from magneto mechanical and spectroscopic g-factors are given by full squares and diamonds.

The intensity of the EPR resonance absorption is a measure of the number of paramagnetic centres present [346], while the type of line observed and the measured g factor are indications of the interactions of the paramagnetic particles and of their distribution within the matrix. Such spectra are much more sensitive to changes in crystal field and atomic orientations than X-ray diffraction and are not dependent upon crystallinity [347]. The nature of the paramagnetic particles may be discerned from the superfine structure of the spectrum. 

The majority of the spin density is on nitrogen due to the high electronegativity of the sulfoxide sulfur. This is shown by the low g factor and high proton and nitrogen splitting compared to the bis(dimethylamino)sulfide cation. 

Mixing of LS-states by spin orbit coupling will be stronger with an increasing number of f-electrons. As a consequence, intermediate values of Lande g factor and reduced crystal field matrix elements must be used. 

Pu(C5H5)3 and (C5H5)3Pu C=NC6Hi1 (Fig. 7) show a similar temperature dependence to that of PUCI3. The lower magnetic moments indicate some reduction of the g-factor (21,31). 

The number of energy levels found to date, with the aid of the Zeeman effect and the isotope shift data, is 605 even and 586 odd levels for Pu I and 252 even and 746 odd for Pu II. The quantum number J has been determined for all these levels, the Lande g-factor for most of them, and the isotope shift for almost all of the Pu I levels and for half of those of Pu II. Over 31000 lines have been observed of which 52% have been classified as transitions between pairs of the above levels. These represent 23 distinct electron configurations. 

The values for the atomic saturation magnetization at the absolute zero, ferromagnetic metals iron, cobalt, and nickel are 2.22, 1.71, and 0.61 Bohr magnetons per atom, respectively.9 These numbers are the average numbers of unpaired electron spins in the metals (the approximation of the g factor to 2 found in gyromagnetic experiments shows that the orbital moment is nearly completely quenched, as in complex ions containing the transition elements). 

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