G biological effects

Skowron G. Biologic effects and safety of stavudine overview of phase I and II clinical trials. J Infect Dis 1995 171(SuppI 2) S113-17. 

QSAR - Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships - in general terms denotes models, which, based on the variation in structural and/or electronic features in series of selected, molecules, describe variation in a given end-point of these molecules. These end-points may be, e.g., biological effects or physical-chemical parameters, which experimentally can be verified. Based on the developed QSAR model end-points of new, structurally related compounds, hitherto not being experimentally studied, may be predicted. 

Robert L, Robert AM, Renard G. Biological effects of hyaluronan in connective tissues, eye, skin, venous wall. Role in aging. Pathol Biol. 2010 58 187 98. 

Bhattacharya A, Banu J, Rahman M, Causey J, Fernandes G. Biological effects of conjugated linoleic acids in health and disease. J Nutr Biochem 2006 17 789-810. 

FRA 94] FRAYSSINET P., TOURENNE F., ROUQUET N., CONTE P. and BONEL G., Biological effects of aluminum diffusion from plasma-strayed alumina coatings , J. Mat... 

Enterochromaffin cells are interspersed with mucosal cells mainly in the stomach and small intestine. In the blood, serotonin is present at high concentrations in platelets, which take up serotonin from the plasma by an active transport process. Serotonin is released on platelet activation. In the central nervous system, serotonin serves as a transmitter. The main serotonin-containing neurons are those clustered in form of the Raphe nuclei. Serotonin exerts its biological effects through the activation of specific receptors. Most of them are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and belong to the 5-HTr, 5-HT2-, 5-HT4-, 5-HTs-, 5-HT6-, 5-HT7-receptor subfamilies. The 5-HT3-receptor is a ligand-operated ion channel. 

The chemistry, and hence hazards, of hot, or radioactive, elements parallels that of their cold isotopes. However, the radiation poses additional toxicity hazards. A qualitative classification of selected isotopes in terms of their toxicity is given in Table 10.2. The biological effects of ionizing radiation stem mainly from damage to individual cells following ionization of the water content. Oxidizing species, e.g. hydrogen peroxide. 

The four major classes or families of mammalian G proteins (Gj, G, G, and G,2) are based on protein sequence homology. Representative members of each are shown, along with known stimuli, effectors, and well-defined biologic effects. Nine isoforms of adenylyl cyclase have been identified (isoforms l-IX). All isoforms are stimulated by a inhibit types V and Vi, and Oq inhibits types I and V. At least 16 different a subunits have been identified. 

Chemokines exert their biological effects through ceU surface receptors belonging to the family of seven-membrane domain G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs, Chen et al. 2004). At least 22 chemokine receptors have been characterized to date, which... 

HAJOS G, GELENCS E R, PUSZTAI A, GRANT G, SAKHRI M, BARDOCZ S (1995) Biological effects and survial of trypsin inhibitors and the agglutinin from soybean in the small intestine of the mC J Agric Food Chem. 43 165-70. 

IRVINE 0 H, FITZPATRICK M G and ALEXANDER s L (1998) Phytoestrogeus in soy-hased infant foods concentrations, daily intake and possible biological effects. Proc. Soc. Exper Biol Med. 217 (3) 247-53. 

Archer, M.C., in "Biological Reactive Intermediates 2 Chemical Mechanisms and Biological Effects" Snyder, R., Parke, D,V , Kocsis, J., Jollow D. J., and Gibson, G. G., Eds. Plenum Publishing Corp. New York, (in press). 

Reemtsma T, O Fiehn, G Kalnowski, M Jekel (1995) Microbial transformations and biological effects of fungicide-derived benzothiazoles determined in industrial wastewater. Environ Sci Technol 29 478-485. 

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