Functionalized polyesters copolymerization

On the organic side of the interface, chemical bonds are formed between the organofunctional R group of the silane and the reactive species in the polymer matrix. For example, a methacrylate- or styryl-functional silane reacts with polyesters copolymerized with styrene or similar monomers, while amino- or chloroalkyl-functional silanes are unsuitable in this particular case. Polybutadiene... 

To design amphiphilic and/or reactive copolymers containing aliphatic polyesters, one of the most promising approaches is copolymerization with functional monomers having protected reactive side-chain groups. Some kinds of monomers having reactive (hydrophilic) side-chain groups have been reported (Fig. 3). Recently, the synthesis of various types of functional polyesters has been reviewed [15-19],... 

Parrish B, Quansah JK, Emrick T (2002) Functional polyesters prepared by polymerization of a-allyl(valerolactone) and its copolymerization with e-caprolactone and 5-valerolactone. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 40 1983-1990... 

Photopolymerization of Powder Formulations Powder coatings are very attractive [314]. The powder is applied on the substrate and exposed to an IR source to get the coalescence of the solid particules then, the cross-linking reaction is carried out under UV (or visible) light in a very short time and at a temperature about 100-120°C. Largely encountered systems are based on, for example, polyesters (with maleates or fumarates unsaturations) and polyurethane vinyl ethers that copolymerize according to a radical process, amorphous polyesters and functionalized polyesters (with allyl ethers). 

Functional Polyesters by Copolymerization of CKAs and Vinyl Monomers... 

Undin, J., Hime-Wistrand, A., and Albertsson, A.C. (2013) Copolymerization of 2 methylene-l,3-dioxepane and glycidyl methacrylate, a well-defined and efficient process for achieving functionalized polyesters for covalent binding of bioactive molecules. Biomacromolecules, 14, 2095. 

Propen-3-ol and 3-methyl-3-butenol have been used to introduce an unsaturation in P-substituted p-lactones according to the aspartic route (Figure 2). These new malolactonic esters have been polymerized or copolymerized with benzyl malolactonate leading to high molecular weight functional polyesters. 

Liquid organic rubbers with reactive functionality can be prepared by several methods. End-functional oligomers are preferred. Chains attached to the network at only one end do not contribute as much strength to the network as those attached at both ends [34], Urethane chemistry is a handy route to such molecules. A hydroxy-terminated oligomer (commonly a polyester or a polyether) can be reacted with excess diisocyanate, and then with a hydroxy methacrylate to form a reactive toughener [35]. The methacrylate ends undergo copolymerization with the rest of the acrylic monomers. The resulting adhesive is especially effective on poIy(vinyl chloride) shown in Scheme 2. 

Structural variations of hyperbranched polyesters have also been achieved by copolymerizing an A2B-monomer with an AB-functional monomer, although no properties were reported for these copolymers [71]. 

The next step concerned the synthesis of the polyester-polyimide copolymers. Triblock copolymers have been prepared by a step-growth copolymerization of stoichiometric amounts of an aromatic diamine and dianhydride (e.g., PMDA and 3FDA, as depicted in Scheme 41a) added with the single oo-amino polyesters as chain end-cappers. Graft copolymers can be prepared as well. In this case, the diamine end-functionalized oligomeric macromonomers are copolymerized with the polyimide condensation comonomers (Scheme 41b). 

This article summarizes and analyzes the results obtained for the anionic copolymerization of cyclic ethers with cyclic anhydrides. This reaction is of great practical importance, especially as curing reaction of epoxy resins and is also used for the preparation of linear polyesters with special functional pendant groups. 

In addition, Eq. (5.1) should not be applied in systems that exhibit different initial reactivities of functional groups, such as in the copolymerization of double bonds of a particular unsaturated polyester with styrene or in the formation of a polyurethane starting from 2,4-toluene diisocyanate. 

Matsumura, S., Okamoto, T., Tsukada, K., and Toshima, K. (1998) Novel lipase-catalyzed ring-opening copolymerization of oxiranes and succinic anhydride forming polyesters bearing functional groups. Macromol. Rapid Commun., 19 (6), 295-298. 

DADC may be polymerized industrially with small amounts of other miscible liquid monomers. Some acrylic ester monomers and maleic anhydride may accelerate polymerization. Copolymerization with methacrylates, diaUyl phthalates, triaUyl isocyanurate, maleates, maleimides, and unsaturated polyesters are among the examples in the early literature. Copolymers of DADC with poly-functional unsaturated esters give castings of high clarity for eyeglass lenses and other optical applications (20). 

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