Functionalization polyester

Acryflc coating powders have achieved some success in Japan utilizing resins having gflcydyl methylacrylate functionality cured with C q—0 2 dicarboxyflc acids (49). Hybrid polyester—acryflc coating powders have also been reported in which an acid functional polyester resin coreacts with a glycidyl-containing acryflc polymer (50). Hydroxyl functional acryflc resins cured with blocked isocyanates have also been available for many years in the United States and achieved some commercial success as appliance finishes. 

To design amphiphilic and/or reactive copolymers containing aliphatic polyesters, one of the most promising approaches is copolymerization with functional monomers having protected reactive side-chain groups. Some kinds of monomers having reactive (hydrophilic) side-chain groups have been reported (Fig. 3). Recently, the synthesis of various types of functional polyesters has been reviewed [15-19],... 

Acid dye affinity, 19 759 Acid dyes, 9 184-186, 189-190, 215-216, 226, 243 26 395-396 anthraquinone, 9 301, 327-329 azo, 9 389-394 Acid dyestuffs, 9 223 Acid extractants, 10 750 Acid fixing reactive dyes, 9 478-481 Acid foods, heat preservation of, 12 80 Acid functional polyesters, 10 402 Acid gas constituents, 12 376-378 Acid gases, 10 612-613... 

Carboxylic ester debenzylation, microwaves in, 16 559 Carboxylic esters, organic, 10 497 Carboxylic functional polyesters, 10 402-403... 

Carboxylic functional polyester curing agents, 10 401-406 Carboxyl ion system, 19 193 Carboxyl-terminated butadiene nitrile, rubbers and, 10 376-375 Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC),... 

Coreactants, in microencapsulation, 16 444 Coreactive curing agents, 10 388-389, 392-411, 418. See also Curing agents amine functional, 10 392 401 carboxylic functional polyester and anhydride, 10 401—406 cyanate ester, 10 411 cyclic amidine, 10 410 isocyanate, 10 410 melamine-, urea-, and phenol-formaldehyde resins,... 

Amongst the first studies presenting the use of dendritic polymers for thermoset applications was the work of Hult et al. [62]. They modified hyperbranched hydroxy functional polyesters with various ratios of maleate-allyl ether/alkyl ester end groups. Dependent on this ratio, resins with different vis-... 

Last but not least, some of us have recently synthesized polyimide-aliphatic polyester triblock and graft copolymers in collaboration with Hedrick and his coworkers [ 97,98]. Well-defined aminophenyl or diaminophenyl end-functional polyester oligomers have been synthesized on purpose and used as end-cappers or macromonomers leading to the aforementioned triblock or graft copolymers, respectively. The polyimide-polyester copolymers so obtained proved to be highly efficient promoters of polyimide nanofoams (for more details see Sect. 4.2). 

Parrish B, Quansah JK, Emrick T (2002) Functional polyesters prepared by polymerization of a-allyl(valerolactone) and its copolymerization with e-caprolactone and 5-valerolactone. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem 40 1983-1990... 

Fierier I, Le Borgne A, Spassky N (1990) Synthesis of functional polyesters derived from serine. Polym Bull 24 349-353... 

A second key factor in the lipase-catalyzed ROP of CL is the ability to controi the nature of the endgroups. This has important consequences in preparation of a, (o-functionalized polyesters, which are currently being explored in a variety of applications [111,112]. A systematic study by Heise and coworkers on the initiating efficiency of different initiators (1-3 in Fig. 5) in the CALB-catalyzed ROP of CL showed that three polymeric products were formed cyclic species, water-initiated... 

Fig. 7 Different approaches (A-C) to the direct formation of hydroxy- or carboxylic-acid-functional polyesters using Novozym 435...

Other authors have described the lipase-catalyzed chemoselective acylation of alcohols in the presence of phenolic moities [14], the protease-catalyzed acylation of the 17-amino moiety of an estradiol derivative [15], the chemoselectivity in the aminolysis reaction of methyl acrylate (amide formation vs the favored Michael addition) catalyzed by Candida antarctica lipase (Novozym 435) [16], and the lipase preference for the O-esterification in the presence of thiol moieties, as, for instance, in 2-mercaptoethanol and dithiotreitol [17]. This last finding was recently exploited for the synthesis of thiol end-functionalized polyesters by enzymatic polymerization of e-caprolactone initiated by 2-mercaptoethanol (Figure 6.2)... 

Four different polyester plasticisers for PVC, having moderate acid numbers (11.5 to 20.5 mg KOH/g resin), were synthesised. These polyesters were modified by converting the terminal COOH group to Ba(II) and Cd(II) carboxylate salts in order to introduce the capability of heat stabilisation for PVC. The modified polyesters were applied as dual function polyesters, i.e. as plasticisers and stabilisers at the same time. The thermal stabilisation efficiency of the plasticised PVC films formed was tested photometrically and the data obtained were compared with that afforded by Irgastab BZ 556. The efficiencies of these modified polyesters as heat stabilisers for PVC were found to be comparable with those of Irgastab BZ 556. 38 refs. CIBA-GEIGY CO. 

MDl polyester isocyanate prepolymers (addition products of MDl and a di- or higher functional polyester polyol)... 

Preparation of Microlatex nith Functionalized Polyesters as Surfactants... 

The micellar behavior of such functionalized polyesters after neutralization with amines... 

Emulsion Polymerization in the Presence of functionalized Polyesters - Preparation of Latex... 

CUIRASSIER ETAL. MicroUUex Preparation with Functionalized Polyesters 111... 

Functional polyesters have been synthesized by utilizing characteristic catalysis of lipase. An optically pure polyester was synthesized by PPL-catalyzed enantioselective polymerization of bis(2,2,2-trichlo-roethyl) trans-3,4-epoxyadipate with 1,4-butanediol in diethyl ether (Scheme 26).212 The molar ratio of the diester to the diol was adjusted to 2 1 to produce the (-)-polymer with an enantiomeric purity of >96%. From end group analysis, the molecular weight was calculated to be 5.3 x 103. 

Lipase catalysts have been used for functionalization of polymers. A terminal hydroxy group of poly-(e-CL) was reacted with carboxylic acids using lipase CA catalyst to give end-functionalized polyesters.231 Lipase MM catalyzed the regioselective transesterification of the terminal ester group of oligo (methyl methacrylate) with allyl alcohol.232 In the PPL-catalyzed reaction of racemic 2,2,2-trichloroethyl 3,4-epoxybutanoate with hydroxy-terminated PEG, the... 

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