Functional Implications

The recognition of desialylated glycoproteins by the cellular degra-dative machinery is not due to the absence of sialic acid. It is the 

Changes in stability and other physicochemical and enzymatic properties of enzymes by neuraminidase treatment have been reported also for purified a-galactosidase (Faillard and Schauer, 1972) and acid and alkaline phosphatases (Dziembor et al., 1970 Moss, 1969 Saraswathi and Bachhawat, 1968). For further details see Chapter 10. 

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TBP-TATA box complexes are known A p sheet in TBP forms the DNA-binding site TBP binds in the minor groove and induces large structural changes in DNA The interaction area between TBP and the TATA box is mainly hydrophobic Functional implications of the distortion of DNA by TBP... 

Rader DJ (2006) Molecular regulation of HDL metabolism and function implications for novel therapies. J Clin Invest 116 3090-3100... 

Beavo JA (1995) Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases functional implications of multiple isoforms. Physiol Rev 75 725-748... 

It is the a2A/D-adrenoceptor that predominates in the locus coeruleus and this subtype seems to be responsible for reducing neuronal excitability and transmitter release. Strangely, immunocytochemical studies suggest that most a2c-receptors are intracellular. The explanation for this finding and its functional implications are as yet unknown but it could reflect differences in intracellular trafficking of different receptor subtypes. 

These points have important functional implications. While neuronal glutamate may come from glucose via pyruvate, the Krebs cycle and transamination of alpha-oxoglutamate, it seems likely that most of the transmitter originates from the deamination of glutamine. After release, the high-affinity uptake sites (transporters)... 

Maneuf, YP, Mitchell, IJ, Crossman, AR, Woodruff, GN and Brotchis, JM (1995) Functional implications of Kappa opioid receptor mediated modulation of glutamate transmission in the output regions of the basal ganglia in rodent and primate models. Brain Res. 683 102-108. 

Functional Implications of the Three-Dimensional Structures of Pectate Lyases... 

Gregoretti IV, Lee YM, Goodson HV (2004) Molecular evolution of the histone deacetylase family functional implications of phylogenetic analysis. J Mol Biol 338 17-31... 

Bhattacharya A, Shukla R, Dietrich KN, et al. 1993. Functional implications of postural disequilibrium due to lead exposure. Neurotoxicology 14 179-190. 

Young E, Bronstein D, Akil H. Proopiomelanocortin biosynthesis, processing and secretion functional implications. In Opioids I. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, Vol. 104 (Herz A, ed). Springer, Heidelberg, 1993 393-721. 

Frank, M. MAL, a proteolipid in glycosphingolipid enriched domains functional implications in myelin and beyond. Prog. Neurobiol. 60, 531-544, 2000. 

Sanders, V.M., Neurotransmitters, neuropeptides, and immune function implications for immunotoxicology, in Experimental Immunotoxicology, Smialowicz, R J. and Holsapple, M.P., Eds., CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1996. 

Blaustein MP, Golovina VA, Song H et al 2002 Organization of Ca2+ stores in vascular smooth muscle functional implications. In Role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in smooth muscle. Wiley, Chichester (Novartis Found Symp 246) p 125-141 Karaki H, Ozaki H, Hori M et al 1997 Calcium movements, distribution and function in smooth muscle. Pharmacol Rev 49 157-230... 

Organization of Ca2+ stores in vascular smooth muscle functional implications... 

Cameras, N. S. (2002) The medial hypothalamic defensive system hodological organization and functional implications. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 71, 481-491. 

B. Functional Implications of Highly Regular /5-Solenoid Structures. 86... 

A. Functional Implications of Elongated Shape and Rigidity of (3-Solenoids... 

Kim, J. and D.C. Rees. Crystallographic structure and functional implications of the nitrogenase molybdenum-iron protein from Azo-tohacter vinelandii. Nature 360, 553-560 (1992). 

Mansour A, Fox CA, AkB H, Watson SJ. 1995b. Opioid-receptor mRNA expression in the rat CNS anatomical and functional implications. Trends Neurosci 18 22-29. 

As described above, histones are much more than passive structural players within chromatin. Dynamic post-translational modifications of these proteins confer specialized chemical proprieties to chromatin of both informational and structural nature with important functional implications. The highly conserved sites for acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ADP-ribosylation, and ubiquitination events on histone tails appear to orchestrate functional activities that range from transcriptional activation and repression to DNA repair and recombination. 

Despite all these well-established functional implications, the structural involvement of this chemical modification in the chromatin changes involved in these processes has remained largely elusive [29]. 

No clear SAR emerges for induction, nor are any particular groups or functions implicated as shown by the diverse structures of the known CYP3A4 inducers (Figure 8.29). Structures are diverse but most are lipophilic as defined by a positive calculated log P value. 

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