Functional assemblies

Many references can be found reporting on the mathematical/empirical models used to relate individual tolerances in an assembly stack to the functional assembly tolerance. See the following references for a discussion of some of the various models developed (Chase and Parkinson, 1991 Gilson, 1951 Harry and Stewart, 1988 Henzold, 1995 Vasseur et al., 1992 Wu et al., 1988 Zhang, 1997). The two most well-known models are highlighted below. In all cases, the linear one-dimensional situation is examined for simplicity. 

Simple combinations of a few secondary strucfure elements with a specific geometric arrangement have been found to occur frequently in protein structures. These units have been called either supersecondary structures or motifs. We will use the term "motif" throughout this book. Some of these motifs can be associated with a particular function such as DNA binding others have no specific biological function alone but are part of larger strucfural and functional assemblies. 

Mono- and polymetallic lanthanide-containing functional assemblies with heterocyclic ligands 99CSR347. 

The recent identification of the H,K-ATPase P subunit and the demonstration that the ratio for the H,K-ATPase catalytic a subunit/) subunit is about 1 1 [62,71] might bring new insight into the structural and functional assembly of H,K-ATPase in situ. 

Liquid Crystalline Functional Assemblies and Their Supramolecular Structures... 

R. K. Castellano, J. Rebek, Jr, Formation of Discrete, Functional Assemblies and Informational Polymers through the Hydrogen-Bonding Preferences of Calixa-rene Aryl and Sulfonyl Tetraureas , J. Am. Chern. Soc 1998,120, 3657-3663. 

Biinzli, J.-C. G. Piguet, C. Lanthanide-containing molecular and supramolecular polymetallic functional assemblies. Chem. Rev. 2002,102,1897-1928. 

Kato T (2008) Liquid crystalline functional assemblies and their supramolecular structures. Structure and Bonding. Springer, Berlin, p 128... 

It is of interest to note that in spite of the fact that biological lipids are often chiral, their chirality is very rarely expressed in the resulting functional assemblies. One of the few examples of this expression of chirality has been observed in lecithin dispersions in water, where the formation of helical intermediates was monitored with polarizing microscopy.63 64... 

Heterometallic functional assemblies taking advantage of d-transition metal ions... 

We can now consider specific examples of micellar influence on the course of photoinduced electron transfer [25, 26]. The simplest photoinduced electron transfer involves photoionization, i.e., the transfer of an electron from the excited state of a solute to the solvent. The next level of complexity involves electron transfer from an excited donor to an acceptor or from an excited acceptor to a donor. Such reactions can occur either within a photoinert micelle, in a functionalized assembly, or through multicomponent arrays. 

Ayalon, G., and Stern-Bach, Y. (2001). Functional assembly of AMPA and kainate receptors is mediated by several discrete protein-protein interactions. Neuron 31, 103-113. 

Hase,T., Harabayashi, M., Kawai, K., and Matsubara, H., 1987, A carboxylnterminal hydrophobic region of yeast cytochrome Cj is necessary for functional assembly into complex III of the respiratory chain, J. Biochem. (Tokyo) 102 411n419. 

Biinzli, J.C.G and Piguet, C. (2002) Lanthanide-containing molecular and supramolecular polymetalUc functional assemblies. Chemical Reviews, 102, 1897-1928. 

A major impetus for the design and construction of a finite molecular assembly is to create function not realized by the individual components.3 The size, shape, and functionality of each component, which are achieved via methods of organic syntheses, are thus amplified within a final functional structure. The components may be synthesized, e.g., to give an assembly with cavities that host ions and/or molecules as guests.3 The components may also react to form covalent bonds.1 That a molecular assembly is, de facto, larger than a component molecule means that the components may be designed to assemble to form functional assemblies that reach nanometer-scale dimensions, and beyond.4... 

Instead, AHEAD and the commercial tools are synergistically combined into a coherent overall system in a bottom-up fashion resulting in two advantages (1) The commercial tools are embedded in a dynamic process environment. Thus, their functionality can be used in a coordinated manner to achieve new and advanced objectives. (2) AHEAD is extended with new functionality assembled from the commercial tools functions. This avoids the need to re-implement already existing functionality offered by these tools. By the integration of commercial tools, the AHEAD system can be successfully embedded into the industrial technical and managerial overall environment. 

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