Fuel carbon aerogel

However, the performance of a fuel cell with these carbon aerogels as DLs was around a factor of six lower than the performance of commercial electrodes. This was due mainly to the fact that the authors did not use additional electrolyte when depositing the catalytically active layer, thus causing reduced ionic conductivity between the catalyst (Pt particles) and the membrane. In addition, the MEAs with carbon aerogels performed poorly at high current densities because the Pt particles used were 10 times larger than the ones normally used [20]. 

M. Glora, M. Wiener, R. Petricevic, H. Probstle, and J. Fricke. Integration of carbon aerogels in PEM fuel cells. Journal of Noncrystalline Solids 285 (2001) 283-287. 

Haji, S. and Erkey, C. Removal of dibenzothiophene from model diesel by adsorption on carbon aerogels for fuel cell applications. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research, 2003, 42, 6933. 

To date, metal-doped carbon aerogels and xerogels have been used as catalysts in different reaction types, which can be grouped into environmental and fuel cell applications, C=C double-bond hydrogenation, skeletal isomerization, hydrodechlorination, and other reactions, including synthesis of methyl... 

Carbon aerogels and xerogels have been used as supports for Pt and Pt-based electrocatalysts for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), also known as polymer-electrolyte fuel cells [56,58,83-90], These fuel cells are convenient and environmentally acceptable power sources for portable and stationary devices and electric vehicle applications [91], These PEMFC systems can use H2 or methanol as fuel. This last type of fuel cell is sometimes called a DMFC (direct methanol fuel cell). 

The influence of the mesopore size of carbon aerogels on ORR using Pt-doped carbon aerogels has also been reported by other authors [86]. They found practically no influence of pore texture on Pt dispersion. However, they indicate that the ORR activity increased when the mean mesopore size increased, reaching the best ORR performance for a mesopore size of 18.5 nm. Pt-based catalysts have also been used as anodic catalysts in DMFC systems, since Pt is able to activate the C-H bond cleavage in the temperature range of fuel cell operation (298 to 403 K). Thus, different Pt, Pt-Ni, and Pt-Ru catalysts supported on carbon xerogels have been used as catalysts in DMFC systems [87-90]. 

In new approaches, achieving higher snrface areas for improved fuel cell performance is the goal carbon nanotubes and carbon aerogels are investigated for the improvement of electrode properties. 

Guilminot E, Fischer F, Chatenet M, Rigacci A, Berthon-Fabry S, Achard P, Chainet E (2007) Use of cellulose-based carbon aerogels as catalyst support for PEM fuel cell electrodes electrochemical characterization. J Power Sources 166 104-111... 

Du H, Li B, Kang F, Fu R, Zeng Y (2007) Carbon aerogel supported Pt-Ru catalysts for using as the anode of direct methanol fuel cells. Carbon 45 429-435... 

Smirnova A, Dong X, Hara H, Vasiiiev A, Sammes N (2005) Novel carbon aerogel-supported catalysts for PEM fuel cell application. Int J Hydrogen Energy 30(2) 149-158... 

Petricevic R, Glora M, Fricke J (2001) Planar fiber reinforced carbon aerogels for application in PEM fuel cells. Carbon 39 857-867. 

Marie J, Berthon-Fabry S, Achard P, Chatenet M, Pradourat A, Chainet E (2004) Highly dispersed platinum on carbon aerogels as supported catalysts for PEM fuel cell-electrodes comparison of two different synthesis paths. J Non-Cryst Solids 350 88-96. 

Farmer JC, Bahowick SM, Harrar JE, Eix DV, Martinelli RE, Vu AK, Carroll KL (1997) Electrosorption of chromium ions on carbon aerogel electrodes as a means of remediating ground water. Energy Fuels 11 337 347. 

Glora M, Wiener M, Petric evic R, Pro bstle H, Fricke J (2001) Integration of Carbon Aerogels in PEM Fuel Cells. J Non-Cryst SoUds 285 283-287. 

Recently, carbon aerogels and carbon cryogel have attracted a great deal of attention as new mesoporous supports of electrocatalysts for the HOR in PEM fuel cells, due to their advanced characteristics such as a tortuous open-cell structure, ultrafine particle and pore size, and high specific surface area [84—86]. Their unique microstructure originates from their wet-chemical preparation by the solution sol-gel method and their subsequent solvent removal via supercritical- or freeze-drying. Despite their superior properties as catalyst supports, their very... 

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