From fluid catalytic cracking

A dephlegmator process can be used to recover ethylene—ethane and heavier hydrocarbons from fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit off-gas (Fig. 7). Pretreated feed gas is cooled to about 230 K and then further cooled and rectified in a dephlegmator to recover 90 to 98% of the ethylene, 99 % of the... 

FCC process description adapted by permission from Fluid Catalytic Cracking Handbook, R. Sadeghbeigi, Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas, 2000, pp. 3—17. 

Cerium oxides are outstanding oxide materials for catalytic purposes, and they are used in many catalytic applications, for example, for the oxidation of CO, the removal of SOx from fluid catalytic cracking flue gases, the water gas shift reaction, or in the oxidative coupling reaction of methane [155, 156]. Ceria is also widely used as an active component in the three-way catalyst for automotive exhaust pollution control,... 

Catalytic Control of SO Emissions from Fluid Catalytic Cracking Units... 

Table IV. Aviation Gasoline Quality from Fluid Catalytic Cracking Using Silica-Alumina Catalyst...

Reboiled stripping is efficient for mixtures containing a significant amount of light and intermediate components. An example is the separation of C2 and C3 fractions from a hydrocarbon mixture issued from fluid catalytic cracking. The initial precooled mixture is sent to the top of a distillation column provided only with reboiler. The top product contains gases and light components stripped out... 

Luckenbach, E. C. (1978) U.S. 4,081,508, to Exxon Research and Engineering Co. Process for reducing flue gas contaminants from fluid catalytic cracking regenerator. 

The composition of naphtha from fluid catalytic cracking has been reported by Melpolder, Brown, Young, and Readington (55). 

In refineries, the largest benefits of model-predictive control come from crude distillation units and gasoline blenders, for which the throughput is high, and from fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) and other conversion units, for which the difference in value between feeds and products usually is high. 

For its relevance, propene is one of the most important olefins. Propene is obtained mainly from naphtha steam cracking as a coproduct with ethene, and also as a coproduct from fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units at refineries. Relatively small amounts are produced by propane dehydrogenation and by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. Because of the strong global demand for polypropene, acrylonitrile, 0x0 alcohol, and acrylic acid products, present propene supply from conventional sources cannot fulfill the market needs. An alternative route to propene is by applying the metathesis reaction for the conversion of a mixture of ethene and 2-butene into propene (Equation [16.2]). 

MTBE is produced by reacting methanol with isobutene. Isobutene is contained in the C4 stream from steam crackers and from fluid catalytic cracking m the crude oil-refining process. However, isobutene has been in short supply in many locations. The use of raw materials other than isobutene for MTBE production has been actively sought. Figure 2 describes the reaction network for MTBE production. Isobutene can be made by dehydration of i-butyl alcohol, isomerization of -butenes [73], and isomerization and dehydrogenation of n-butane [74, 75]. t-Butanol can also react with methanol to form MTBE over acid alumina, silica, clay, or zeolite in one step [7678]. t-Butanol is readily available by oxidation of isobutane or, in the future, from syngas. The C4 fraction from the methanol-to-olefins process may be used for MTBE production, and the C5 fraction may be used to make TAME. It is also conceivable that these... 

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