Preparation of nitrates

Olah and co-workers ° conducted a comprehensive study into the use of N-nitropyridinium salts for nitration. Such salts are easily prepared from the slow addition of the appropriate heterocyclic base to an equimolar suspension of nitronium tetrafluoroborate in acetonitrile. Olah studied the effect on nitration of changing both the structure of the heterocyclic base and the counter ion. Three of these salts (20, 21, 22) illustrated above have been synthesized and used for the 0-nitration of alcohols with success. Transfer nitrations with Al-nitropyridinium salts are particularly useful for the preparation of nitrate esters from acid-sensitive alcohols and polyols because conditions are essentially neutral. 

Preparation of mixed acetals, 416 Preparation of nitrates, 415 Preparation of orthoesters, 414 Preparation of pregna-5,6-diene-3,20-dione, 316... 

Due to a relatively high content of the m- isomer xylene derived from coal or xylene from Borneo oil is the most convenient starting material for the preparation of nitration grade xylene. 

CHAPTER 15 THE PREPARATION OF NITRATE ESTER NITRAMINES mixture. Then add 800 milliliters of methylene chloride to the reaction mixture, and then place 420 grams of diethanolamine into the second addition funnel. Now, remove the ice bath, and replace it with a cold-water bath. Then slowly add both the 70% nitric acid, and the diethanolamine to the reaction mixture, drop wise, and simultaneously while stirring the reaction mixture (drip the 70% nitric acid into the reaction mixture at a rate slightly faster then the diethanolamine. It should take 90 minutes for the drop wise addition of the diethanolamine, and about 70 minutes for the drop wise addition of the 70% nitric acid). Maintain the reaction mixture below 25 Celsius during the additions. After both additions are complete, gently heat the reaction mixture to 40 Celsius, and hold this temperature for ten minutes while stirring the reaction mixture. 

CHAPTER 20 THE PREPARATION OF NITRATES, CHLORATES, AND PERCHLORATES Figure067. Standard US Army ammonium nitratebased blasting munition. SeeTM 43-0001-38 for additional... 

Preparation of nitrates of ammonia and sodium Preparation of sodium carbonate Preparation of hydrogen cyanide... 

A convenient laboratory method tor the preparation of nitrate osiers consists in acting with silver nitrate on alkyl bromide 01 iodide in nitroiiieihane or nitrobenzene (2 or acetonitrile 13]. Kornbliiin and co workers ]3o ni.ule an e tensive stiidv of the stereocliemistrv and mechanism m the reaction of silver... 

Preparation of nitrate-o-ethylbenzene explosives requires adding nitric acid into ONEB slowly and stirring them as homogeneous mixture. The formulations and temperatures are given in Table 7.21. 

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