Fresh examinations

Visceral Fetal Examinations. The examination of the abdominal and thoracic viscera of fetuses is performed either fresh without fixation ( Staples technique ) or after Bouin s fixation by making freehand razor blade sections ( Wilson s technique Wilson, 1965). Both techniques have advantages. The fresh examination technique, which may require less training for thorough proficiency, provides a more easily interpreted view of heart anomalies. The examination must be performed on the day the dam is terminated, however, so having a large number of litters to examine in one day requires that a large team of workers be committed to the task. 

Fresh examinations at necropsy have the advantage that the appearance of tissues is not affected by the fixative, but the disadvantage that fewer females can be necropsied on any day. Each laboratory should decide its own working practice, based on the availability and ability of its staff. Testing laboratories, particularly Contract Research Organizations (CRO s) should retain their standard practices and thus maximize their background data. 

The microdissection technique is often considered simpler, quicker and easier to learn than complete serial sectioning. This is particularly true for non-rodent species when fresh examinations are performed at the time of caesarean section, so the results are available immediately. 

Hera rath pursued the subject, and submitted the marks to a fresh examination. After making several preliminary experiments, he found that no results of any value could be obtained by the ordinary modes of analysis, and was therefore compelled, as a last resource, to call in the aid of the microscope. 

Thus, over a period of eighty years, no single study of the COClj-AlClj system has agreed with any other clearly, a fresh examination of the problem is required. However, the interaction between aluminium(III) chloride and phosgene has formed the basis of two patents for the purification of aluminium(III) chloride by removal of iron(lll) chloride impurities, which apparently are not soluble in the COClj-AlClg system [174b,2199a]. 

When a question exists about whether the carving is ancient, an examination under uv illumination can be very helpful. For example, an aged marble surface exhibits, under a properly filtered mercury lamp, a mellow, brownish fluorescence, whereas a fresh surface, under the same conditions, appears purple. It is not uncommon that old carvings have been sharpened this is detectable with the microscope and under uv examination. 

In case of skin contact, the area should be washed thoroughly with water and examined by a physician if irritation persists. If exposed, the eyes should be flushed with water for at least 15 rninutes. Remove inhalation victims to fresh air and adrninister artificial respiration if the victim is not breathing. If ingested, vomiting should be induced. AU. incidents should be followed by prompt medical attention. 

The specific role of each amino acid residue for the function of the protein can be tested by making specific mutations of the residue in question and examining the properties of the mutant protein. By combining in this way functional studies in solution, site-directed mutagenesis by recombinant DNA techniques, and three-dimensional structure determination, we are now in a position to gain fresh insights into the way protein molecules work. 

When the juice of the fresh berries of the same plant was examined it yielded a gluco-alkaloid, m.p. 269-270° dec.), which appeared to be solauricine, m.p. 270° (dec.), but on hydrolysis it furnished a crude aglycone, m.p. 219-220°, which, after a long series of recrystallisations from a variety of solvents, gave a fraction of pure solasodine, m.p. 199-5-202°, and another of pure solauricidine,m.p. 213-7°. 

Bbadnri baa examined the oil of Oeimum pilasutn. The whole plant when fresh is fragrant, but quietly loses its odour when dried, e seeds form a gelatinons mass when steeped in water this mucilage is employed medicinally in India. The green seeds contain more esaontial oil than the leaves, hat ibe whole plant was distilled. The oil obtained was pale yellow in colour and very mobile. Its characters were as follows —... 

The fresh herb, [ lvi-kf a ioeudo.. which is common in the sonthern parts of the United States, xheldi 0-02i per cent, of an essential oil, which has het-n examined by Hahak and found to have the f. ... 

Gilbert, P.T., Dissolution by Fresh Waters of Copper from Copper Pipes , Proc. Soc. Water Treatment and Examination, 15, 3, 165 (1966)... 

Studies have demonstrated that one such method is to examine the effects of disinfectants on endogenous RNA-dependent DNA polymerase (i.e. reverse transcriptase) activity. In essence, HIV is an RNA virus after it enters a cell the RNA is converted to DNA under the influence of reverse transcriptase. The virus induces a cytopathic effect on T lymphocytes, and in the assay reverse transcriptase activity is determined after exposure to different concentrations of various disinfectants. However, it has been suggested that monitoring residual viral reverse transcriptase activity is not a satisfactory alternative to tests whereby infectious HIV can be detected in systems employing fresh human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. 

Effect of dimer formation on deactivation. Another possible mode of deactivation is formation of inactive Co dimers or oligomers. To test for these species, we examined the ESI-mass spectram of fresh and deactivated Co-salen catalysts in dichloromethane solvent (22). The major peak in the mass spectram occurred at m/z of 603.5 for both Jacobsen s Co(II) and Co(III)-OAc salen catalysts, whereas much smaller peaks were observed in the m/z range of 1207 to 1251. The major feature at 603.5 corresponds to the parent peak of Jacobsen s Co(II) salen catalyst (formula weight = 603.76) and the minor peaks (1207 to 1251) are attributed to dimers in the solution or formed in the ESI-MS. The ESI-MS spectrum of the deactivated Co-salen catalyst, which was recovered after 12 h HKR reaction with epichlorohydrin, was similar to that of Co(II) and Co(III)-OAc salen. Evidently, only a small amount of dimer species was formed during the HKR reaction. However, the mass spectram of a fresh Co(III)-OAc salen catalyst diluted in dichloromethane for 24 h showed substantial formation of dimer. The activity and selectivity of HKR of epichlorohydrin with the dimerized catalyst recovered after 24 h exposure to dichloromethane were similar to those observed with a fresh Co-OAc salen catalyst. Therefore, we concluded that catalyst dimerization cannot account for the observed deactivation. 

Diagnosis is made by examination of fresh stool or a preserved specimen during acute diarrheal phase... 

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