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Free fatty acid degradation

Free fatty acid release during cerebral ischemia is a complex process that includes the activation of signaling cascades. In addition to cPLA2, these cascades probably involve the simultaneous and/or sequential activation of other phospholipid degradation pathways and the... [Pg.585]

Chemical degradation of phospholipids results in the production of lyso-compounds but also free fatty acids (Figure 9.4). The pH of a heated emulsion will tend to fall as more fatty acids are produced and the hydrolysis rate slows down until a pH of around 4 is reached, at which point it starts to increase again. Accordingly, the initial emulsion is adjusted to pH 9 by the addition of small quantities of sodium hydroxide, and this has the effect of prolonging the shelf life of the product. [Pg.246]

Hydrolysis of complex molecules In the first stage, complex molecules are broken down into their component building blocks. For example, proteins are degraded to amino acids, polysaccha rides to monosaccharides, and triacylglycerols to free fatty acids and glycerol. [Pg.91]

Cholesteryl ester degradation Most dietary cholesterol is present in the free (nonesterified) form, with ten to fifteen percent present in the esterified form. Cholesteryl esters are hydrolyzed by pancreatic cholesterol ester hydrolase (cholesterol esterase), which produces cholesterol plus free fatty acids (see Figure 15.2). Cholesteryl esteh hydrolase activity is greatly increased in the presence of bile salts. ... [Pg.173]

As mentioned, hydrolysis is the other important mechanism by which some lipids (glycerides and phosphoglycerides) degrade and can lead to a reduction in pH due to liberation of free fatty acids this was discussed in Chapter 10 (Part I Parenteral Application). This phenomenon is less important for oral formulations when compared to parenteral products, since the former generally have low amounts of water in the formulation. Hydrolysis could occur on storage if water is absorbed from or through the gelatin shell. [Pg.248]

Hydrolysis and oxidation are the two primary degradation routes to which liposomal phospholipids are susceptible. Hydrolytic attack at the fatty acyl carbonyl will produce free fatty acids and lysophosphatides [e.g., lyso-phosphatidyl choline (LPC)]. Hydrolysis generally follows Lrst-order... [Pg.402]

The rate of fatty acid degradation is controlled by the availability of free fatty acids in the blood which arise from the breakdown of triacylglycerols. [Pg.315]


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Acid degradation

Fatty degradation

Free fatty acids

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