Resources fossil energy

In contrast to fossil energy resources such as oil, natural gas, and coal, which are unevenly distributed geographically, primary sources for hydrogen production are available virtually eveiywhere in the world. The choice of a primary source for hydrogen production can be made based on the best local resource. 

The other important issue is the future of fossil energy resources. As with carbon dioxide emissions, future predictions are highly uncertain. They relate to many economic factors. For instance, an increase in oil price makes oil exploitable that previously was uneconomic. Figure 1.3 shows the results of different prognoses. 

Figure 1.1 shows the global fossil energy resources and the rate at which they are being consumed. 

Feedstocks used in the current global production of hydrogen, 85 F-l World fossil energy resources, 195... 

How much carbon can the ocean sequester At over 70% of the Earth s surface and an average depth of 3800 m, the ocean has enormous storage capacity based on physical chemistry, the amount of CO2 that could be dissolved in the deep ocean far exceeds the estimated available fossil energy resources of 5000-lOOOOGtC. However, a more realistic criterion needs to be based on an understanding of ocean biogeochemistry and expected environmental impact. 

The depletion of earth s fossil energy resources, accompanied by the strong impact of their use on the environment, particularly in the form of higher CO2 emissions, raises the demand for sustainable, safe, and efficient substitution of hitherto crude oil-derived fuels, chemicals, and chemical building blocks from renewable resources. Besides chemical manufacturing of renewable feedstocks to valuable compounds, biotechnological processes afford more and more opportunities to produce fuels, building blocks, and solvents in a cost-effective way from biomass (Bozell and Petersen, 2010). 

The limited supply of fossil energy resources means that new automotive concepts are essential. Electric vehicles are a promising alternative, especially electric vehicles with a fuel cell, which have a number of advantages [34]. This technical overview presents some examples of fuel cell-driven passenger cars and buses. 

Increasing rates of consumption and competition for fossil energy resources, with shortfalls foreseen (except for coal) before mid century and... 

It is generally accepted that fossil energy resources are limited, although it is a matter of debate as to how much is left (Table 5.1.9). Energy demand is rising worldwide, especially in countries undergoing economic booms like India and China. The future will show whether nuclear power will be abandoned in some countries or its share will increase as, at present, only hydroelectricity and nuclear power are the only significant alternatives to fossil fuels. 

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