Fort Detrick, Maryland

Also in 2002, government scientists revealed that over two dozen dangerous biological agents including anthrax, and Ebola went unaccounted for in the early 1990s at the US Army Medical Research Unit (USAMRIID) in Fort Detrick, Maryland. The location of these agents, which were subject to removal without authorization, remains a mystery. 

Drugs There is an antitoxin stored at the CDC. To arrange to use this antitoxin, call your state health department (or CDC at 404-639-2206 or 404-639-3753 workdays, or call weekends or evenings at 404-639-2888). This chemotherapy (antitoxin) available from CDC is a licensed trivalent equine antitoxin for serotypes A, B, and E. There is no reversal of botulism disease with this drug, but the antitoxin does usually prevent further nerve damage. The U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) has a heptavalent equine despeciated antitoxin for serotypes A - G (IND). DOD also has pentavalent toxoid (vaccine) for serotypes A - E (IND). The currently recommended schedule is for use at zero, two, and twelve weeks with a one year booster. This vaccine is supposed to induce solidly protective antitoxin levels in greater that 90 percent of those vaccinated after one year. Contact USAMRIID, (U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases), Fort Detrick, Maryland. Tel. 301-619-2833. 

This list is supplied to us, for distribution in this format, freely by JRCAB. who maintains it and updates it every two years JRCAB may be contacted directly at Fort Detrick, Maryland, at 301-619-2991 or DSN 343-2001, website httoJ/www.armvmedicine.armv.mil/ircab. 

Cutting Edge - A History of Fort Detrick, Maryland. (4th ed., October), 2000. 

Defense against Toxin Weapons. U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases. Franz, David R. DVM, PhD. Fort Detrick, Maryland, 1997. 

N. L. Vora, Electrochemical Treatment of Breast Cancer with Direct Current, U.S. Army Medical Research and Material Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5012, U.S., Report on Award Number DAMD17-96-1-6184 (June 1999). S. L. David, D. R. Absolom, C. R. Smith, J. Gams and M. A. Herbert, Cancer Research 45 (1985) 5625. 

The use of Cipro to treat anthrax infection emanated from research carried out in 1990 at Fort Detrick, Maryland (see later). The army was concerned that Saddam Hussein could introduce germ warfare in the Gulf War in the form of anthrax. Sixty monkeys were infected with a strain of Bacillus anthracis by aerosol and were divided into six groups. One group received a vaccine alone another received the vaccine and antibiotics and three groups were treated for 30 days with one of three different classes of antibiotics—penicillin, doxycycline, or Cipro. A control group received saline injections. 

By the early 1950s the U.S. government had established its own germ warfare laboratory at an army base located at Fort Detrick, Maryland. Over time, the scientists identified approximately 50 different viruses and rickettsiae that were good candidates for germ warfare, a number that was nearly three times the number of suitable bacteria. Viruses were considered to be particularly ideal agents since they were basically unaffected by antibiotics and they could be selected to primarily debilitate, rather than kill, the victim. Incapacitation ties up more resources of the enemy and is more humane. President Eisenhower was briefed at a National Security Council meeting on February 18, 1960, to the effect that controlled incapacitation promised to open up a new dimension of warfare. ... 

Somani, S.M., E. Giacobini, A. Boyer, M. Hallak, A. Khalique, L. Unni, M. Hannant and E. Hurley. 1986. Mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics of physostigmine in relation to acute intoxication by organofluorophosphates. Reports submitted to U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland, (cited in Somani et al., 1992)... 

Rumack, B.H. (1983). Cyanide poisoning. si Respiratory Care of Chemical Casualties (H.H. Newball, ed.). Proceedings of the Symposium on Respiratory Care of Chemical Casualties (McLean, Virginia, November 28-30, 1983), US Army Medical Reasearch and Development Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland. 

Rosenblatt, D.H., Dacre, J.C., Shiotsuka, R.N., and Rowlett, C.D. (1977). Problem definition studies on potential environmental pollutants VIII chemistry and toxicology of BZ (3-Quinuclidinyl Benzilate), USAMBRDL-TR 7710, USA Medical Bioengineering Research and Development Laboratory, Fort Detrick, Maryland, 1977, UNCLASSIFIED Report (ADB030349). 

Phillips, G.B. (1965). Causal factors in microbiological laboratory accidents and infections. Miscellaneous Publications, 2, Fort Detrick, Maryland, US Biological... 

The first biological warfare laboratory built at Camp Detrick (later Fort Detrick), Maryland. (Courtesy of Soldier Biological and Chemical Command, Historical Research and Response Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD.)... 

It is not named after Queensland, Australia, where Q-Fever was first identified. Wolfgang K. Joklik, Hilda P. Willett, and D. Bernard Amos, eds., Zinsser Microbiology (Norwalk, Connecticut Appleton-Century-Crofts 18 ed. 1984) p. 652 and Medical Management of Biological Casualties Handbook (Fort Detrick, Maryland US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases 3 ed. 1998),... 

November William A. Boyles dies following an accidental exposure to anthrax in a laboratory at Fort Detrick, Maryland. The laboratory harvests his organs, using them as the basis for culturing a novel strain of anthrax, VIB, which will be used in U.S. biological weapons. 

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