Formic methyl ester

Kolbe and Kampf,1 on electrolyzing a concentrated potassium-acetate solution obtained at the anode acetic methyl ester, formic methyl ester, ethane, ethylene, and carbon dioxide and at the cathode hydrogen and potassium hydroxide. In an alkaline solution of the salt Bourgoin2 obtained, amongst other products, sodium formate (by reduction of the carbonic acid) but so far as hydrocarbons were concerned he could only prove the presence of ethane and ethylene. 

Formic Methyl Ester yielded the following gases (Maquenne 2) ... 

Formic Acid.—Since formic acid is easily split up by the silent electric discharge into carbon mon- and dioxides and hydrogen a noticeable absorption of nitrogen does not occur, but formic methyl ester, although being likewise fundamentally broken up, takes up larger quantities of nitrogen. 

In principle, aspartame is produced through the coupling of two amino acid moieties. One moiety consists of T.-phenylalanine methyl ester hydrochloride (2) made by treating the amino acid ia methanol and hydrochloric acid the other is aspartic acid anhydride hydrochloride or formic acid salt. The coupling reaction generates two positional isomers, a and p. 

Chemical Designations - Synonyms Formic acid, methyl ester Chemical Forrtaila HCOOH3. Observable Characteristics — Physical State (as shipped) Liquid Color Colorless Odor. Pleasant agreeable. 

Methyl formate Formic acid, methyl ester (8,9) (107-31-3) Ethyl isocyanoacetate Acetic acid, isocyano-, ethyl ester (8,9) (2999-46-4)... 

Methyl chloroformate Formic acid, chloro-, methyl ester (8) Carbonochloridic acid, methyl ester (9) (79-22-1)... 

Using on-line mass spectroscopy [65] carbon dioxide and formic acid were demonstrated as soluble products of methanol oxidation. The former gives the most intense MS signal according to the fact that it is the main product. There are two main problems to detect formic acid as such. In the presence of carbon dioxide most of the m/e signals of HCOOH overlap with signals of the major product. Besides this, in the presence of methanol, formic acid reacts to form the methyl ester ... 

Van Alsenoy, C., J. N. Scarsdale, and L. Schafer. 1982. Ab Initio Studies of Structural Features Not Easily Amenable to Experiment Part 24. Molecular structures and conformational analyses of the methyl esters of formic acid, acetic acid and alanine. J. Mol. Struct. (Theochem) 90, 297-304. 

Fife and Anderson, 1971. The reference intermolecular reaction is the hydrolysis of the methyl ester catalysed by formic acid (p/f, of the substrate assumed the same as for H1.7)... 

Like in Chapt. 7, we begin the discussion with acetates, since acetic acid is the simplest nontoxic acyl group, formic acid being less innocuous. An informative study was carried out to compare the kinetics of hydrolysis of two types of corticosteroid esters, namely methyl steroid-21-oates (which are active per se) and acetyl steroid-21-ols (which are prodrugs), as exemplified by methyl prednisolonate (8.69) and prednisolone-21-acetate (8.70), respectively [89]. In the presence of rat liver microsomes, the rate of hydrolytic inactivation of methyl steroid-21-oates was much slower than the rate of hydrolytic activation of acetyl steroid-21-ols. Thus, while the Km values were ca. 0.1 -0.3 mM for all substrates, the acetic acid ester prodrugs and the methyl ester drugs had Vmax values of ca. 20 and 0.15 nmol min-1 mg-1, respectively. It can be postulated that the observed rates of hydrolysis were determined by the acyl moiety, in other words by the liberation of the carboxylic acid from the acyl-enzyme intermediate (see Chapt. 3). 

Synonyms AI3-00408 BRN 1734623 Caswell No. 570 CCRIS 6062 EINECS 203-481-7 EPA pesticide chemical code 053701 Formic acid, methyl ester Methanoic acid, methyl ester Methyl methanoate UN 1243. 

Fluorotrichloromethane, see Trichlorofluoromethane Fly-die, see Dichlorvos Fly fighter, see Dichlorvos FMC 5462, see a-Endosulfan, p-Endosulfan FMC 10242, see Carbofuran Foliclol, see Parathion Folidol, see Parathion Folidol E 605, see Parathion Folidol E E 605, see Parathion Folidol oil, see Parathion Forane, see 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Foredex 75, see 2,4-D Forlin, see Lindane Formal, see Malathion, Methylal Formaldehyde bis(p-chloroethylacetal), see Bis(2-chloroethoxy) methane Formaldehyde dimethylacetal, see Methylal Formalin, see Formaldehyde Formalin 40, see Formaldehyde Formalith, see Formaldehyde Formic acid, ethyl ester, see Ethyl formate Formic acid, methyl ester, see Methyl formate Formic aldehyde, see Formaldehyde Formic ether, see Ethyl formate Formira, see Formic acid Formisoton, see Formic acid Formol, see Formaldehyde Formosa camphor, see Camphor Formula 40, see 2,4-D... 

Methanoic acid, see Formic acid Methanoic acid, methyl ester, see Methyl formate Methenyl chloride, see Chloroform Methenyl tribromide, see Bromoform... 

Synonyms Methyl methanoate formic acid, methyl ester... 

Fluoioboric acid, 57, III 2 Fluoro-2-methylbutane, 57, 7 3 1-Fluoiooctane, 57, 73 1-Fluoio-2-phenylethane, 57, 73 Formaldehyde 57,95,103 Formalin, 55, 45 Formamide 57, 103 Formamide, AVV-dimethyl-, 55, 58 Formic acid, 57, 95, 103 Free radical cyclization, 55, 57 Fukmone, 58, 162, 163 Fumaric acid, 58, 167 Fumaric acid, methyl ester, 56, 63 Furan, 58, 18, 22, 24... 

Carboxylic acids can be converted to symmetrical ketones by pyrolysis in the presence of thorium oxide. In a mixed reaction, formic acid and another acid heated over thorium oxide give aldehydes. Mixed alkyl aryl ketones have been prepared by heating mixtures of ferrous salts.1717 When the R group is large, the methyl ester rather than the acid can be decarb-methoxylated over thorium oxide to give the symmetrical ketone. 

The methyl ester has also been obtained by esterification of cyclopentanecarboxylic acid.8 The acid, in turn, has been prepared by the Favorskii rearrangement,6 7 9-11 by the reaction of cyclopentyl Grignard reagent with carbon dioxide,12 by the carbonylation of cyclopentyl alcohol with nickel carbonyl13 or with formic acid in the presence of sulfuric acid,14 and by the hydrogenation of cyclopentene-1-carboxylic acid prepared from ethyl cyclopentanone-2-carboxylate 15 or from cyclopentanone cyanohydrin.16... 

Oxidative hydrolysis transforms the intermediate ozonide into ketone(s) and/or carboxylic acid(s) in good yields. H202 in water, in sodium hydroxide solution, or in formic acid is the best proven oxidant.582,584,592 Peroxy acids and silver oxide are also employed. Rearrangement and overoxidation may be undesirable side-reactions. A simple two-step ozonation in MeOH yields methyl esters without added oxidizing agent.627... 

James, A. T. and Martin, A. J. P. 1956. Gas-liquid chromatography The separation and identification of the methyl esters of saturated and unsaturated acids from formic to n-octadecanoic acid. Biochem. J. 63, 144-152. 

The 13C nuclei in formic and acetic acids relax faster and show larger nuclear Over-hauser enhancements than the 13C nuclei of the methyl esters (Table 3.18) [183], Hence a methyl ester is more mobile than its parent carboxylic acid, which is dimerized via hydrogen bonding. It may also be seen that a pure DD mechanism operates in formic acid, owing to the directly bonded proton (tjc = 2.0), whereas spin rotation also contributes to 13C relaxation in methyl formate (tjc = 1.55). 

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