Formic methanoic acid and derivatives

The modest U.S. requirements for formic acid (c. 30 kilotonnes per annum) appear to be met mainly by co-product material from butane oxidation (when available) and imports. Outlets are into a variety of speciality areas. 

N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is an important solvent for acrylic fibres and polyurethane leather production (and for separating acetylene from ethylene). Methyl formate reacts readily with dimethylamine. 

Alternatively the amine can be introduced directly into methanol/carbon monoxide reaction systems. European production (possibly 60-70 kilotonnes per annum) is much higher than in the U.S.A. (about 15 kilotonnes per annum). 

Mitsubishi have developed a process for methyl formate by the dehydrogenation of methanol. However, the major objective is the production of separate hydrogen and carbon monoxide streams for other uses from imported methanol. 

---