Forging processes

CLOSED DIE FORGING PROCESS CAPABILITY MAP FOR LOW TO MEDIUM CARBON AND LOW ALLOY STEELS... 

It was concluded that any candidate component can be produced using PM forging techniques at a cost at least 50 per cent lower compared with conventional forging processes. The accelerators were endurance-tested and exceeded all requirements in the standard room-temperature tests. The accelerators also withstood the test firing of more than 10,000 rounds at minus 65 degrees Fahrenheit with no failures being experienced... 

Of the approximately 15 aluminum forging plants, three use wet scrubbers to control particulates and smoke generated from the partial combustion of oil-based lubricants in the forging process. 

A 2-phase program was conducted. The first phase was a materials and process study. The second phase dealt with the manufacture of a selected high-performance weapon component in prototype quantity to demonstrate the applicability of the developed PM forging process. A processing specification and an economic evaluation of the developed manufacturing process also was included... 

Lubricants are of multiple importance in the forging process. They serve as the cooling agent of the forging parts, support the filing of parts and prevent the... 

Figure 11 shows the stages of powder-forging processes for forming rotationally symmetrical parts. 

Figure 11 Powder Forging Process Sequence. (From firm prospectus, courtesy KREBSOGE, Rad-evormwald, Germany, 1994)...

Table 2 provides important design for manufacturing information for the major forging processes. 

KE simulation of the cold forging process for the manufacturing of an inner race. Workpiece material boron-manganese steel... 

Formability (Damage), Fig. 12 Application of a shear plastic energy-based criterirai to a backward extrusion forging process... 

The creep anisotropy of polypropylene when formed into wheels by the solid-phase forming, or forging, process has been studied by Abrahams et A displacement factor was defined as (to—ti)Ao>< 100. where to was the original billet thickness and ti the final thickness of the wheel web. Specimens were cut parallel (0 = 0°) and perpendicular (0 =s 90°) to the radial direction. Isochronous creep tests showed little change in stiffness at 90° to the radial direction for a range of displacement factors from 0 to 58%. However, significant increases in stiffness were found at 0°, above a displacement factor of 50%. Creep tests on... 

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